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The two-photon exchange contribution to the single spin asymmetries with the spin orientation normal to the reaction plane is discussed for elastic electron-proton scattering in the equivalent photon approximation. In this case, hadronic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Mikhail Gorchtein

We present an exact analytical evaluation of the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction to the elastic lepton-proton differential scattering cross section at low-energies within the framework of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. Our…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-22 Rakshanda Goswami , Pulak Talukdar , Bhoomika Das , Udit Raha , Fred Myhrer

In these notes we present a detailed and complete scheme for the calculation of polarization phenomena in elastic electron-nucleon scattering. The longitudinal and transversal components of the polarization for the scattered nucleon,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Michail P. Rekalo , Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson

Measurements of nuclear $\beta$-decay are commonly used to extract elements of the quark-mixing Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix. The precision of these measurements is currently limited by theoretical uncertainties in electroweak…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2021-04-27 Tyler Kutz , Axel Schmidt

We address the discrepancy between the Rosenbluth and polarization transfer data for the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. Assuming that the effect of two-photon corrections on the polarization transfer data is negligible, we…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 M. A. Belushkin , H. -W. Hammer , U. -G. Meißner

We report a high precision measurement of the transverse single spin asymmetry $A_N$ at the center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV in elastic proton-proton scattering by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The $A_N$ was measured in the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2013-01-31 STAR Collaboration , L. Adamczyk , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , A. V. Alakhverdyants , I. Alekseev , J. Alford , C. D. Anson , D. Arkhipkin , E. Aschenauer , G. S. Averichev , J. Balewski , A. Banerjee , Z. Barnovska , D. R. Beavis , R. Bellwied , M. J. Betancourt , R. R. Betts , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , H. Bichsel , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , W. Borowski , J. Bouchet , A. V. Brandin , S. G. Brovko , E. Bruna , S. Bültmann , I. Bunzarov , T. P. Burton , J. Butterworth , X. Z. Cai , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , D. Cebra , R. Cendejas , M. C. Cervantes , P. Chaloupka , Z. Chang , S. Chattopadhyay , H. F. Chen , J. H. Chen , J. Y. Chen , L. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , A. Chikanian , W. Christie , P. Chung , J. Chwastowski , M. J. M. Codrington , R. Corliss , J. G. Cramer , H. J. Crawford , X. Cui , S. Das , A. Davila Leyva , L. C. De Silva , R. R. Debbe , T. G. Dedovich , J. Deng , R. Derradi de Souza , S. Dhamija , L. Didenko , F. Ding , A. Dion , P. Djawotho , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. E. Draper , C. M. Du , L. E. Dunkelberger , J. C. Dunlop , L. G. Efimov , M. Elnimr , J. Engelage , G. Eppley , L. Eun , O. Evdokimov , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , J. Fedorisin , R. G. Fersch , P. Filip , E. Finch , Y. Fisyak , C. A. Gagliardi , D. R. Gangadharan , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , S. Gliske , Y. N. Gorbunov , O. G. Grebenyuk , D. Grosnick , S. Gupta , W. Guryn , B. Haag , O. Hajkova , A. Hamed , L-X. Han , J. W. Harris , J. P. Hays-Wehle , S. Heppelmann , A. Hirsch , G. W. Hoffmann , D. J. Hofman , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , P. Huck , T. J. Humanic , L. Huo , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , C. Jena , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , K. Kang , J. Kapitan , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , A. Kesich , D. P. Kikola , J. Kiryluk , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , V. Kizka , S. R. Klein , D. D. Koetke , T. Kollegger , J. Konzer , I. Koralt , L. Koroleva , W. Korsch , L. Kotchenda , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , I. Kulakov , L. Kumar , M. A. C. Lamont , J. M. Landgraf , S. LaPointe , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , W. Leight , M. J. LeVine , C. Li , L. Li , W. Li , X. Li , X. Li , Y. Li , Z. M. Li , L. M. Lima , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , R. S. Longacre , Y. Lu , X. Luo , A. Luszczak , G. L. Ma , Y. G. Ma , D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Don , D. P. Mahapatra , R. Majka , O. I. Mall , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. Masui , H. S. Matis , D. McDonald , T. S. McShane , S. Mioduszewski , M. K. Mitrovski , Y. Mohammed , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , B. Morozov , M. G. Munhoz , M. K. Mustafa , M. Naglis , B. K. Nandi , Md. Nasim , T. K. Nayak , J. M. Nelson , L. V. Nogach , J. Novak , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , A. Ohlson , V. Okorokov , E. W. Oldag , R. A. N. Oliveira , D. Olson , P. Ostrowski , M. Pachr , B. S. Page , S. K. Pal , Y. X. Pan , Y. Pandit , Y. Panebratsev , T. Pawlak , B. Pawlik , H. Pei , C. Perkins , W. Peryt , P. Pile , M. Planinic , J. Pluta , D. Plyku , N. Poljak , J. Porter , A. M. Poskanzer , C. B. Powell , C. Pruneau , N. K. Pruthi , M. Przybycien , P. R. Pujahari , J. Putschke , H. Qiu , R. Raniwala , S. Raniwala , R. L. Ray , R. Redwine , R. Reed , C. K. Riley , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , J. F. Ross , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , I. Sakrejda , S. Salur , A. Sandacz , J. Sandweiss , E. Sangaline , A. Sarkar , J. Schambach , R. P. Scharenberg , A. M. Schmah , B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , T. R. Schuster , J. Seele , J. Seger , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , M. Shao , B. Sharma , M. Sharma , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , R. N. Singaraju , M. J. Skoby , D. Smirnov , N. Smirnov , D. Solanki , P. Sorensen , U. G. deSouza , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , S. G. Steadman , J. R. Stevens , R. Stock , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , A. A. P. Suaide , M. C. Suarez , M. Sumbera , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , Z. Sun , B. Surrow , D. N. Svirida , T. J. M. Symons , A. Szanto de Toledo , J. Takahashi , A. H. Tang , Z. Tang , L. H. Tarini , T. Tarnowsky , D. Thein , J. H. Thomas , J. Tian , A. R. Timmins , D. Tlusty , M. Tokarev , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , B. A. Trzeciak , O. D. Tsai , J. Turnau , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , G. Van Buren , G. van Nieuwenhuizen , J. A. Vanfossen, , R. Varma , G. M. S. Vasconcelos , F. Videbæk , Y. P. Viyogi , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , A. Vossen , M. Wada , F. Wang , G. Wang , H. Wang , J. S. Wang , Q. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. Wang , G. Webb , J. C. Webb , G. D. Westfall , C. Whitten , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , W. Witzke , Y. F. Wu , Z. Xiao , W. Xie , K. Xin , H. Xu , N. Xu , Q. H. Xu , W. Xu , Y. Xu , Z. Xu , L. Xue , Y. Yang , Y. Yang , P. Yepes , Y. Yi , K. Yip , I-K. Yoo , M. Zawisza , H. Zbroszczyk , J. B. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , F. Zhao , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , X. Zhu , Y. H. Zhu , Y. Zoulkarneeva , M. Zyzak

We review the experimental and theoretical status of elastic electron scattering and elastic low-energy photon scattering (with both real and virtual photons) from the nucleon. As a consequence of new experimental facilities and new…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Charles Earl Hyde-Wright , Kees de Jager

For a molecule, the two-center interference and the molecular scattering phase of the electron are important for almost all the processes that may occur in a laser field. In this study, we investigate their effects in the transfer of linear…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Hao Liang , Mu-Xue Wang , Xiang-Ru Xiao , Qihuang Gong , Liang-You Peng

We calculate the amplitude of elastic photon-photon scattering via a single quark loop in the Double-Logarithmic Approximation, presuming all external photons to be off-shell and unpolarized.. At the same time we account for the running…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-18 B. I. Ermolaev , D. Yu. Ivanov , S. I. Troyan

The wavefunction of two identical bosons remains invariant under particle exchange - a fundamental quantum symmetry that underlies Bose-Einstein statistics. We report the direct experimental observation of bosonic exchange symmetry in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Yefeng Mei , Yue Jiang , Shengwang Du

The proton elastic form factor ratio shows a discrepancy between measurements using the Rosenbluth technique in unpolarized beam and target experiments and measurements using polarization degrees of freedom. The proposed explanation of this…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2021-05-12 Jan C. Bernauer , Volker D. Burkert , Ethan Cline , Axel Schmidt , Youri Sharabian

Many approaches to nucleon-nucleus elastic and inelastic scattering are based on the use of the free-space nucleon-nucleon transition amplitude. In calculations where the full spin-dependence of this amplitude is needed, its use is more…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 R. Crespo , A. M. Moro

In this work, we will evaluate the nucleon helicity flip form factor at the limit of large momentum transfer. Hereby, we will study the exchange of one and two virtual photons separately. For the calculation of the scattering amplitudes and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-11-09 Thorsten Sachs , Patrick Sturm

The influence of the hard photon emission on the charge asymmetry in the (anti)lepton-proton elastic scattering was evaluated for the first time beyond the ultrarelativistic limit, while retaining the lepton mass at all steps of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-09 A. Afanasev , A. Ilyichev

Significant discrepancies have been observed between proton form factors as measured by Rosenbluth separation and polarization transfer techniques. There are indications that this difference may be caused by corrections to the one photon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Arrington

The elastic and inelastic high--energy small--angle electron--positron scattering is considered. All radiative corrections to the cross--section with the relative accuracy $\delta\sigma/ \sigma = 0.1 \% $ are explicitly taken into account.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 A. B. Arbuzov , V. S. Fadin , E. A. Kuraev , L. N. Lipatov , N. P. Merenkov , L. G. Trentadue

The differential cross section and polarization observables for the elastic reaction induced by deuteron scattering off electrons at rest are calculated in the one-photon-exchange (Born) approximation. Specific attention is given to the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-12-06 G. I. Gakh , M. I. Konchatni , N. P. Merenkov , E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , A. G. Gakh

We look for asymmetries in the angular distributions of events from recent data on $e^+ +e^-\to p +\bar p +\gamma$ from BABAR collaboration. From first principles, as the C-invariance of the electromagnetic interaction and the crossing…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 E. Tomasi-Gustafsson , E. A. Kuraev , S. Bakmaev , S. Pacetti

General expressions for all parity-conserving polarization observables of elastic electron-nucleon scattering in the one-photon exchange approximation are derived for a general frame of reference, i.e.\ not assumming scattering off a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-05-15 H. Arenhövel

To understand spin interactions in materials of the Cu$_2$Sb structure type, inelastic neutron scattering of Fe$_2$As single crystals was examined at different temperatures and incident neutron energies. The experimental phonon spectra…