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State-of-the-art Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is based on the uncertainty principle of qubits on quantum measurements and is theoretically proven to be unconditionally secure. Over the past three decades, QKD has been explored with single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-16 Randy Kuang , Nicolas Bettenburg

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is rapidly transitioning from cutting-edge laboratory research to real-world deployment in established communication networks. Although QKD promises future-proof security, practical challenges stil exist due…

We study information theoretical security for space links between a satellite and a ground-station. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a well established method for information theoretical secure communication, giving the eavesdropper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 A. Vazquez-Castro , D. Rusca , H. Zbinden

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides secure keys resistant to code-breaking quantum computers. As headed towards commercial application, it is crucial to guarantee the practical security of QKD systems. However, the difficulty of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-14 Zhengyu Li , Yi-Chen Zhang , Hong Guo

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) is often seen as the ultimate key exchange protocol in terms of security, as it can be performed securely with uncharacterised black-box devices. The advent of DI-QKD closes several…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been developed within the last decade that is provably secure against arbitrary computing power, and even against quantum computer attacks. Now there is a strong need of research to exploit this technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-01-30 Muhammad Mubashir Khan , Salahuddin Hyder , Mahmood K Pathan , Kashif H Sheikh

The secret key rate attained by a free-space QKD system in the {\em near-field} propagation regime (relevant for $1$-$10$ km range using $\approx 7$ cm radii transmit and receive apertures and $1.55~\mu$m transmission center wavelenght) can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-14 Boulat A. Bash , Nivedita Chandrasekaran , Jeffrey H. Shapiro , Saikat Guha

Data centers are nowadays referred to as the digital world's cornerstone. Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method that solves the problem of distributing cryptographic keys between two entities, with the security rooted in the laws of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Nitin Jain , Ulrich Hoff , Marco Gambetta , Jesper Rodenberg , Tobias Gehring

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security based on the laws of physics. In practice, however, the imperfections of realistic devices might introduce deviations from the idealized models used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-01 Feihu Xu , Xiongfeng Ma , Qiang Zhang , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Jian-Wei Pan

Intermodal quantum key distribution enables the full interoperability of fiber networks and free-space channels, which are both necessary elements for the development of a global quantum network. We present a field trial of an intermodal…

Any quantum communication task requires a common reference frame (i.e. phase, coordinate system). In particular, Quantum Key Distribution requires different bases for preparation and measurements of states which are obviously based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Fatemeh Rezazadeh , Azam Mani , Vahid Karimipour

Advances in quantum computing are a rapidly growing threat towards modern cryptography. Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides long-term security without assuming the computational power of an adversary. However, inconsistencies between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-18 Henry Semenenko , Philip Sibson , Mark G. Thompson , Chris Erven

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides an information-theoretic way of securely exchanging secret keys, and typically relies on pre-shared keys or public keys for message authentication. To lift the requirement of pre-shared or public…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Wen Yu Kon , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Kaushik Chakraborty , Charles Lim

A feasible quantum key distribution (QKD) network scheme has been proposed with the wavelength routing. An apparatus called "quantum router", which is made up of many wavelength division multiplexers, can route the quantum signals without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tao Zhang , Zheng-Fu Han , Xiao-Fan Mo , Guang-Can Guo

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a means of generating keys between a pair of computing hosts that is theoretically secure against cryptanalysis, even by a quantum computer. Although there is much active research into improving the QKD…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Piotr K. Tysowski , Xinhua Ling , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Michele Mosca

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a prominent application in the field of quantum cryptography providing information-theoretic security for secret key exchange. The implementation of QKD systems on photonic integrated circuits (PICs) can…

Quantum key distribution relies on quantum mechanics to securely distribute cryptographic keys, offering security but necessitating complex infrastructure and significant resources for practical implementation. Quantum keyless private…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Pedro Neto Mendes , Davide Rusca , Hugo Zbinden , Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been emerged as a promising solution for guaranteeing information-theoretic security. Inspired by this, a great amount of research effort has been recently put on designing and testing QKD systems as well…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic technique that uses quantum mechanical principles to enable secure key exchange. Practical deployment of QKD requires robust, cost-effective systems that can operate in challenging field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Rui Guan , Jingchun Yu , Zhaoyun Li , Hongbo Xie , Yuxing Wei , Sen Li , Jing Wen , Xiaodong Liang , Yanwei Li , Kejin Wei

Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (DIQKD) aims to generate secret keys between two parties without relying on trust in their employed devices, imposing strict noise constraints for key generation. This study explores the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Javier Rivera-Dean , Anna Steffinlongo , Neil Parker-Sánchez , Antonio Acín , Enky Oudot