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In this paper a cascaded approach for stabilization and path tracking of a general 2-trailer vehicle configuration with an off-axle hitching is presented. A low level Linear Quadratic controller is used for stabilization of the internal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Niclas Evestedt , Oskar Ljungqvist , Daniel Axehill

Maneuvering a general 2-trailer with a car-like tractor in backward motion is a task that requires significant skill to master and is unarguably one of the most complicated tasks a truck driver has to perform. This paper presents a path…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Oskar Ljungqvist , Niclas Evestedt , Daniel Axehill , Marcello Cirillo , Henrik Pettersson

Stabilizing multi-steered articulated vehicles in backward motion is a complex task for any human driver. Unless the vehicle is accurately steered, its structurally unstable joint-angle kinematics during reverse maneuvers can cause the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-08 Oskar Ljungqvist , Daniel Axehill

The design of the path-following controller is crucial for reliable autonomous vehicle operation. This design problem is especially challenging for a general 2-trailer with a car-like tractor due to the vehicle's unstable joint-angle…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-07 Oskar Ljungqvist , Daniel Axehill , Henrik Pettersson , Johan Löfberg

In the real-world, self-driving vehicles are required to achieve steering maneuvers in both uncontrolled and uncertain environments while maintaining high levels of safety and passengers' comfort. Ignoring these requirements would…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-16 Yasir K. Al-Nadawi , Hothaifa Al-Qassab , Daniel Kent , Su Pang , Vaibhav Srivastava , Hayder Radha

The design of reliable path-following controllers is a key ingredient for successful deployment of self-driving vehicles. This controller-design problem is especially challenging for a general 2-trailer with a car-like tractor due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Oskar Ljungqvist , Daniel Axehill , Henrik Pettersson

Path following and lateral stability are crucial issues for autonomous vehicles. Moreover, these problems increase in complexity when handling articulated heavy-duty vehicles due to their poor manoeuvrability, large sizes and mass…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-12 Filipe Marques Barbosa , Lucas Barbosa Marcos , Maira Martins da Silva , Marco Henrique Terra , Valdir Grassi

This article presents an in-depth review of the topic of path following for autonomous robotic vehicles, with a specific focus on vehicle motion in two dimensional space (2D). From a control system standpoint, path following can be…

This paper investigates the lateral control problem in vehicular path-following when the feedback sensor(s) are mounted at an arbitrary location in the longitudinal symmetric axis. We point out that some existing literature has abused the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-17 Wubing B. Qin , Zhaojian Li

Reverse parking maneuvers of a vehicle with trailer system is a challenging task to complete for human drivers due to the unstable nature of the system and unintuitive controls required to orientate the trailer properly. This paper hence…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Xincheng Cao , Haochong Chen , Bilin Aksun-Guvenc , Levent Guvenc , Brian Link , Peter J Richmond , Dokyung Yim , Shihong Fan , John Harber

For lateral vehicle dynamics, planning trajectories for lane-keeping and lane-change can be generalized as a path planning task to stabilize a vehicle onto a target lane, which is a fundamental element in nowadays autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Yunlong Huang

This paper addresses the three-dimensional path-following guidance problem for unmanned aerial vehicles under explicit actuator constraints. Unlike conventional approaches that assume unbounded control inputs or handle saturation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Vinay Kathiriya , Saurabh Kumar , Shashi Ranjan Kumar

In this article, we address the control problem of unicycle path following, using a rigidly attached target point. The initial path following problem has been transformed into a reference trajectory following problem, using saturated…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-03-22 S. Laghrouche , Y. Chitour , M. Harmouche , F. S. Ahmed

Off-road driving operations can be a challenging environment for human conductors as they are subject to accidents, repetitive and tedious tasks, strong vibrations, which may affect their health in the long term. Therefore, they can benefit…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-13 Kenny A. Q. Caldas , Filipe M. Barbosa , Junior A. R. Silva , Tiago C. Santos , Iago P. Gomes , Luis A. Rosero , Denis F. Wolf , Valdir Grassi

The feedback linearization method is further developed for the controller design on general nonlinear systems. Through the Lyapunov stability theory, the intractable nonlinear implicit algebraic control equations are effectively solved, and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Sheng Zhang , Fei Liao , Yanqing Chen , Kaifeng He

Motion planning for a general 2-trailer system poses a hard problem for any motion planning algorithm and previous methods have lacked any completeness or optimality guarantees. In this work we present a lattice-based motion planning…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-24 Oskar Ljungqvist , Niclas Evestedt , Marcello Cirillo , Daniel Axehill , Olov Holmer

Precise motion control of underactuated surface vessels is a crucial task in various maritime applications. In this work, we develop a nonlinear motion control strategy for surface vessels inspired by the pursuit guidance philosophy. Any…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Ram Milan Kumar Verma , Shashi Ranjan Kumar , Hemendra Arya

Path following controllers make the output of a control system approach and traverse a pre-specified path with no apriori time parametrization. In this paper we present a method for path following control design applicable to framed curves…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-12-11 Rajan Gill , Dana Kulić , Christopher Nielsen

This paper presents an experimental study of a path-tracking framework for autonomous vehicles in which the lateral control command is applied to a dynamic control point along the wheelbase. Instead of enforcing a fixed reference at either…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Alexandre Lombard , Florent Perronnet , Nicolas Gaud , Abdeljalil Abbas-Turki

This paper presents a robust tracking controller for tracking curvature-constrained paths by vehicles/robots with uncertain Dubins dynamics. Although Dubins paths have been widely used in vehicular and robotic applications, robust and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-26 Xingjian Xue , Sze Zheng Yong
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