Related papers: The mixed-phase version of moist-air entropy
General conditions for the occurrence of mesoscopic phase fluctuations in condensed matter are considered. The description of different thermodynamic phases, which coexist as a mixture of mesoscopically separated regions, is based on the…
We propose a method of describing a phase transition in a cell fluid model with pair interaction potential that includes repulsive and attractive parts. An exact representation of the grand partition function of this model is obtained in…
We adapt the Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics technique to allow a multiphase fluid in which SPH particles of widely differing density may be freely intermixed. Applications include modelling of galaxy formation and cooling flows.
Atmospheric moist available potential energy (MAPE) has been traditionally defined as the potential energy of a moist atmosphere relative to that of the adiabatically sorted reference state defining a global potential energy minimum.…
We study thermal properties of a trapped Bose-Bose mixture in a dilute regime using quantum Monte Carlo methods. Our main aim is to investigate the dependence of the superfluid density and the condensate fraction on temperature, for the…
Relations between the thermodynamics and dynamics of supercooled liquids approaching a glass transition have been proposed over many years. The potential energy surface of model liquids has been increasingly studied since it provides a…
Calculations of entropy fluxes and production rate have been evaluated with some success to study atmospheric processes. However, recurring questions arise as to how best to take into account entropy flux due to radiation, for example. This…
The aim of this second part of the article is to study the absolute definition of the seawater entropy described in Part I with several concrete cases. Observed vertical profiles and polar transects, as well as analysed surface data, show…
Mixed-phase clouds, composed of supercooled liquid droplets and ice crystals, play a critical role in weather and climate systems. Their complex microphysical interactions and coupling with turbulence at microscales govern the cloud…
A recent experiment [K. H. Kim, et al., Science 370, 978 (2020)] showed that it may be possible to detect a liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) in supercooled water by subjecting high density amorphous ice (HDA) to ultrafast heating,…
Like any fluid heated from below, the atmosphere is subject to vertical instability which triggers convection. Convection occurs on small time and space scales, which makes it a challenging feature to include in climate models. Usually…
The gas and effective electron temperatures have been estimated for atmospheric microplasma by means of optical emission spectroscopy. The results have shown that the microplasma exhibits nonequilibrium and, as its size is reduced, the two…
We consider the liquid-vapor type phase transition for fluids confined within spatially periodic external fields. For a fluid in d=3 dimensions, the periodic field induces an additional phase, characterized by large density modulations…
Through Monte Carlo simulations and the Associating Lattice Gas Model, the phases of a two-dimensional fluid under hydrophilic confinement are evaluated. The model, in its unconfined version, reproduces the anomalous behavior of water…
Controversy exists regarding the possible existence of a transition between the liquid and glassy states of water. Here we use experimental measurements of the entropy, specific heat, and enthalpy of both liquid and glassy water to…
The physics of planetary climate features a variety of complex systems that are challenging to model as they feature turbulent flows. A key example is the heat flux from the upper ocean to the underside of sea ice which provides a key…
Precipitation extremes intensify in most regions in climate-model projections. Changes in vertical velocities contribute to the changes in intensity of precipitation extremes but remain poorly understood. Here, we find that mid-tropospheric…
We analyze the dynamics of model supercooled liquids in a temperature regime where predictions of mode coupling theory (MCT) are known to be valid qualitatively. In this regime, the Adam-Gibbs (AG) relation, based on an activation picture…
Methanol-water liquid mixtures have been investigated by high-energy synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction at low temperatures. We are thus able to report the first complete sets of both X-ray and neutron weighted total scattering…
It is shown that a model coupling the heat-conducting compressible Navier-Stokes equations to a micro-physics model of moisture in air is locally strongly well-posed for large data in suitable function spaces and strongly well-posed on…