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Related papers: A 16-bit Coherent Ising Machine for One-Dimensiona…

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Probabilistic computing with pbits is emerging as a computational paradigm for machine learning and for facing combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) with the so-called probabilistic Ising machines (PIMs). From a hardware point of view,…

Efficiently optimizing Nondeterministic Polynomial time (NP) problems in polynomial time has profound implications in many domains. CMOS oscillator networks have been shown to be effective and efficient in approximating certain NP-hard…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Wenxiao Cai , Zongru Li , Yu-Neng Wang , Sara Achour , Thomas H. Lee

We give a detailed theoretical derivation of the quantum master equation for the coherent Ising machine. This is a quantum computational network with feedback, that solves NP hard combinatoric problems, including the traveling salesman…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-17 Simon Kiesewetter , Peter D Drummond

To tackle challenging combinatorial optimization problems, analog computing machines based on the nature-inspired Ising model are attracting increasing attentions in order to disruptively overcome the impending limitations on conventional…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Xin Ye , Wenjia Zhang , Shaomeng Wang , Xiaoxuan Yang , Zuyuan He

As it is getting increasingly difficult to achieve gains in the density and power efficiency of microelectronic computing devices because of lithographic techniques reaching fundamental physical limits, new approaches are required to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Jean C. Coulombe , Mark C. A. York , Julien Sylvestre

Oscillator-based Ising machines (OIMs) and oscillator-based Potts machines (OPMs) have emerged as promising hardware accelerators for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging the phase dynamics of coupled…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yilmaz Ege Gonul , Ceyhun Efe Kayan , Ilknur Mustafazade , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Baris Taskin

Ising machines can solve combinatorial optimization problems by representing them as energy minimization problems. A common implementation is the probabilistic Ising machine (PIM), which uses probabilistic (p-) bits to represent coupled…

From condensed matter to quantum chromodynamics, multidimensional spins are a fundamental paradigm, with a pivotal role in combinatorial optimization and machine learning. Machines formed by coupled parametric oscillators can simulate spin…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-29 Marcello Calvanese Strinati , Claudio Conti

Ising machines are next-generation computers expected to efficiently sample near-optimal solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. Combinatorial optimization problems are modeled as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Kentaro Ohno , Nozomu Togawa

Computation with the Ising model is central to future computing technologies like quantum annealing, adiabatic quantum computing, and thermodynamic classical computing. Traditionally, computed values have been equated with ground states.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-11-04 Andrew G. Moore

It has recently been shown that optical parametric oscillator (OPO) Ising machines, consisting of coupled optical pulses circulating in a cavity with parametric gain, can be used to probabilistically find low-energy states of Ising spin…

Networks of coupled parametric resonators (parametrons) hold promise for parallel computing architectures. En route to realizing complex networks, we report an experimental and theoretical analysis of two coupled parametrons. In contrast to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-20 Toni L. Heugel , Oded Zilberberg , Christian Marty , R. Chitra , Alexander Eichler

We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for approximating the ground state of two-dimensional quantum systems using an isometric tensor network ansatz, which maps naturally to quantum circuits. Inspired by the density matrix…

Ising machines are physical platforms designed to minimize the energy of classical Ising Hamiltonians, yet accessing specific excited states remains an open challenge of both fundamental and practical relevance. In this letter we show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Jacopo Tosca , Cristiano Ciuti , Claudio Conti , Marcello Calvanese Strinati

Reconfigurable antenna multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising technology for upcoming 6G communication systems. In this paper, we deal with the problem of configuration selection for reconfigurable antenna MIMO by leveraging…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Ioannis Krikidis , Abhishek Kumar Singh , Kyle Jamieson

A linear-time algorithm is presented for the construction of the Gibbs distribution of configurations in the Ising model, on a quantum computer. The algorithm is designed so that each run provides one configuration with a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Daniel A. Lidar , Ofer Biham

Ising machines, which are dynamical systems designed to operate in a parallel and iterative manner, have emerged as a new paradigm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Despite computational advantages, the quality of solutions…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-30 Shu Zhou , K. Y. Michael Wong , Juntao Wang , David Shui Wing Hui , Daniel Ebler , Jie Sun

Analog Ising machines (IMs) occupy an increasingly prominent area of computer architecture research, offering high-quality and low latency/energy solutions to intractable computing tasks. However, IMs have a fixed capacity, with little to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Matthew X. Burns , Michael C. Huang

Ising machines are dedicated hardware solvers of NP-hard optimization problems. However, they do not always find the most optimal solution. The probability of finding this optimal solution depends on the problem at hand. Using continuation…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-12-10 Jacob Lamers , Guy Verschaffelt , Guy Van der Sande

A pivotal task for quantum computing is to speed up solving problems that are both classically intractable and practically valuable. Among these, combinatorial optimization problems have attracted tremendous attention due to their broad…