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Highly entangled quantum networks cluster states lie at the heart of recent approaches to quantum computing \cite{Nielsen2006,Lloyd2012}. Yet, the current approach for constructing optical quantum networks does so one node at a time…

Network theory has played a dominant role in understanding the structure of complex systems and their dynamics. Recently, quantum complex networks, i.e. collections of quantum systems in a non-regular topology, have been explored leading to…

Entanglement between large numbers of quantum modes is the quintessential resource for future technologies such as the quantum internet. Conventionally the generation of multimode entanglement in optics requires complex layouts of…

Continuous variable encoding of quantum information requires the deterministic generation of highly correlated quantum states of light in the form of quantum networks, which, in turn, necessitates the controlled generation of a large number…

Scalability and coherence are two essential requirements for the experimental implementation of quantum information and quantum computing. Here, we report a breakthrough toward scalability: the simultaneous generation of a record 15…

An optical frequency comb comprises a cluster of equally spaced, phase-locked spectral lines. Replacing these classical components with correlated quantum light gives rise to cluster quantum frequency combs, providing abundant quantum…

Superconducting qubits provide a promising approach to large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, qubit connectivity on a planar surface is typically restricted to only a few neighboring qubits. Achieving longer-range and more…

With the rapid advancement of quantum information technology, quantum networks have become essential for supporting diverse applications, which often have stringent demands for key metrics such as fidelity and request completion time. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Yuan Li , Chen Zhang , Hao Zhang , Tao Huang , Yunjie Liu

Entanglement distribution in quantum networks will enable next-generation technologies for quantum-secured communications, distributed quantum computing and sensing. Future quantum networks will require dense connectivity, allowing multiple…

Reconfigurable quantum circuits are fundamental building blocks for the implementation of scalable quantum technologies. Their implementation has been pursued in linear optics through the engineering of sophisticated interferometers. While…

Cluster states with higher-dimensional lattices that cannot be physically embedded in three-dimensional space have important theoretical interest in quantum computation and quantum simulation of topologically ordered condensed-matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-26 Pei Wang , Moran Chen , Nicolas C. Menicucci , Olivier Pfister

Quantum computing can be realized with numerous different hardware platforms and computational protocols. A highly promising approach to foster scalability is to apply a photonic platform combined with a measurement-induced quantum…

Entangled graph states can be used for quantum sensing and computing applications. Error correction in measurement-based quantum computing schemes will require the construction of cluster states in at least 3 dimensions. Here we generate…

As quantum networking hardware remains costly and not yet widely accessible, simulation tools are essential for the design and evaluation of quantum network architectures and protocols. However, designing a scalable and computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Adam Pearson , Francesco Mazza , Marcello Caleffi , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

In the one-way model of quantum computing, quantum algorithms are implemented using only measurements on an entangled initial state. Much of the hard work is done up-front when creating this universal resource, known as a cluster state, on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-19 Steven T. Flammia , Nicolas C. Menicucci , Oliver Pfister

Quantum information protocols require various types of entanglement, such as Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR), Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ), and cluster states. In optics, on-demand preparation of these states has been realized by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-27 Shuntaro Takeda , Kan Takase , Akira Furusawa

No quantum system can be considered totally isolated from its environment. In most cases the interaction between the system of interest and the external degrees of freedom deeply changes its dynamics, as described by open quantum system…

We present a protocol for generating multipartite quantum correlations across a quantum network with a continuous-variable architecture. An arbitrary number of users possess two-mode entangled states, keeping one mode while sending the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Carlo Ottaviani , Cosmo Lupo , Alessandro Ferraro , Mauro Paternostro , Stefano Pirandola

The generation of continuous-variable multipartite entangled states is important for several protocols of quantum information processing and communication, such as one-way quantum computation or controlled dense coding. In this article we…

Multimode Gaussian states are a versatile resource for quantum information technologies and have been realized across a wide range of physical platforms. Recent progress in the large-scale generation of such states provides a key ingredient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Chan Roh , Geunhee Gwak , Young-Do Yoon , Young-Sik Ra
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