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The concordance model in cosmology, $\Lambda$CDM, is able to fit the main cosmological observations with a high level of accuracy. However, around 95% of the energy content of the Universe within this framework remains still unknown. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-17 Isaac Tutusaus , Brahim Lamine , Alain Blanchard

Dark matter (DM) as a pressureless perfect fluid provides a good fit of the standard $\Lambda$CDM model to the astrophysical and cosmological data. In this paper, we investigate two extended properties of DM: a possible time dependence of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-31 Suresh Kumar , Rafael C. Nunes , Santosh Kumar Yadav

The next generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments, galaxy surveys, and high-redshift observations can potentially determine the nature of the dark matter observationally. With this in mind, we introduce a phenomenological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Wayne Hu

We examine how the properties of dark matter, parameterised by an equation of state parameter $w$ and two perturbative Generalised Dark Matter (GDM) parameters $c^2_s$ (the sound speed) and $c^2_\text{vis}$ (the viscosity), are constrained…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-04 Daniel B. Thomas , Michael Kopp , Constantinos Skordis

We use large-scale cosmological observations to place constraints on the dark-matter pressure, sound speed and viscosity, and infer a limit on the mass of warm-dark-matter particles. Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-08 Martin Kunz , Savvas Nesseris , Ignacy Sawicki

At large scales and for sufficiently early times, dark matter is described as a pressureless perfect fluid---dust---non-interacting with Standard Model fields. These features are captured by a simple model with two scalars: a Lagrange…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-30 Fabio Capela , Sabir Ramazanov

The influence of considering a generalized dark matter (GDM) model, which allows for a non-pressure-less dark matter and a non-vanishing sound speed in the non-linear spherical collapse model is discussed for the Einstein-de Sitter-like…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 F. Pace , Z. Sakr , I. Tutusaus

The $\Lambda$ cold dark matter ($\Lambda\textrm{CDM}$) model is currently known as the simplest cosmology model that best describes observations with minimal number of parameters. Here we introduce a cosmology model that is preferred over…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-05 Chan-Gyung Park

A new kind of accelerating flat model with no dark energy that is fully dominated by cold dark matter (CDM) is investigated. The number of CDM particles is not conserved and the present accelerating stage is a consequence of the negative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 J. A. S. Lima , F. E. Silva , R. C. Santos

In this work we discuss a general approach for the dissipative dark matter considering a nonextensive bulk viscosity and taking into account the role of generalized Friedmann equations. This generalized $\Lambda$CDM model encompasses a flat…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-19 W. J. C. da Silva , H. S. Gimenes , R. Silva

While the LCDM framework has been incredibly successful for modern cosmology, it requires the admission of two mysterious substances as a part of the paradigm, dark energy and dark matter. Although this framework adequately explains most of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-06-24 James Schombert

The standard paradigm of cosmology assumes two distinct dark components, namely dark matter and dark energy. However, the necessity of splitting the dark-side world into two sectors has not been experimentally or theoretically proven.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-12 Yan Su , Zhiqi Huang , Yanhong Yao , Junchao Wang , Jianqi Liu

The universe content is considered as a non-perfect fluid with bulk viscosity and can be described by a general equation of state (endowed some deviation from the conventionally assumed cosmic perfect fluid model). An explicitly bulk…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-16 X H Meng , X Dou

(Abridged) Despite the success of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) in explaining a wide range of observations, the microscopic nature of dark matter is still unknown. Attempts to detect WIMPs, the most commonly studied form, have not yet succeeded.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-31 Bohua Li , Tanja Rindler-Daller , Paul R. Shapiro

Early-matter-like dark energy is defined as a dark energy component whose equation of state approaches that of cold dark matter (CDM) at early times. Such a component is an ingredient of unified dark matter (UDM) models, which unify the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-19 Ralf Aurich , Sven Lustig

While cold dark matter is widely supported by a range of cosmological observations, it encounters several difficulties at smaller scales. These issues have prompted the investigation of various alternative dark matter candidates, leaving…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Jian-Qi Liu , Yan-Hong Yao , Yan Su , Jia-Wei Wu

Cold Dark Matter (CDM) has become the standard modern theory of cosmological structure formation. Its predictions appear to be in good agreement with data on large scales, and it naturally accounts for many properties of galaxies. But…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Joel R. Primack

We consider decaying dark matter (DDM) as a resolution to the possible tension between cosmic microwave background (CMB) and weak lensing (WL) based determinations of the amplitude of matter fluctuations, $\sigma_8$. We perform N-body…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-05 Kari Enqvist , Seshadri Nadathur , Toyokazu Sekiguchi , Tomo Takahashi

Complimenting recent work on the effective field theory of cosmological large scale structures, here we present detailed approximate analytical results and further pedagogical understanding of the method. We start from the collisionless…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-04-02 Mark P. Hertzberg

We revisited the decaying dark matter (DDM) model, in which one collisionless particle decays early into two collisionless particles, that are potentially dark matter particles today. The effect of DDM will be manifested in the cosmic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-07-20 Ran Huo
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