English
Related papers

Related papers: A Note on Oracle Separations for BQP

200 papers

We prove a query complexity lower bound for $\mathsf{QMA}$ protocols that solve approximate counting: estimating the size of a set given a membership oracle. This gives rise to an oracle $A$ such that $\mathsf{SBP}^A \not\subset…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-08 William Kretschmer

In recent years, the quantum oracle model introduced by Aaronson and Kuperberg (2007) has found a lot of use in showing oracle separations between complexity classes and cryptographic primitives. It is generally assumed that proof…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Avantika Agarwal , Srijita Kundu

Relational problems (those with many possible valid outputs) are different from decision problems, but it is easy to forget just how different. This paper initiates the study of FBQP/qpoly, the class of relational problems solvable in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Scott Aaronson , Harry Buhrman , William Kretschmer

We present a new quantum complexity class, called MQ^2, which is contained in AWPP. This class has a compact and simple mathematical definition, involving only polynomial-time computable functions and a unitarity condition. It contains both…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Tereza Tusarova

We explore the space "just above" BQP by defining a complexity class PDQP (Product Dynamical Quantum Polynomial time) which is larger than BQP but does not contain NP relative to an oracle. The class is defined by imagining that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-22 Scott Aaronson , Adam Bouland , Joseph Fitzsimons , Mitchell Lee

We exhibit two black-box problems, both of which have an efficient quantum algorithm with zero-error, yet whose composition does not have an efficient quantum algorithm with zero-error. This shows that quantum zero-error algorithms cannot…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Ronald de Wolf

From the existence of an efficient quantum algorithm for factoring, it is likely that quantum computation is intrinsically more powerful than classical computation. At present, the best upper bound known for the power of quantum computation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-14 Ciarán M. Lee , Jonathan Barrett

We achieve essentially the largest possible separation between quantum and classical query complexities. We do so using a property-testing problem called Forrelation, where one needs to decide whether one Boolean function is highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-24 Scott Aaronson , Andris Ambainis

Network coordination - synchronising traffic signals, scheduling trains, assigning communication slots requires minimising pairwise costs across coupled systems. These problems are NP-hard yet share a common Fourier-sparse structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Vinayak Dixit

It is a longstanding open problem to devise an oracle relative to which BQP does not lie in the Polynomial-Time Hierarchy (PH). We advance a natural conjecture about the capacity of the Nisan-Wigderson pseudorandom generator [NW94] to fool…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-12-23 Bill Fefferman , Christopher Umans

We combine the classical notions and techniques for bounded query classes with those developed in quantum computing. We give strong evidence that quantum queries to an oracle in the class NP does indeed reduce the query complexity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Wim van Dam

Existing definitions of the relativizations of \NCOne, \L\ and \NL\ do not preserve the inclusions $\NCOne \subseteq \L$, $\NL\subseteq \ACOne$. We start by giving the first definitions that preserve them. Here for \L\ and \NL\ we define…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-04-26 Klaus Aehlig , Stephen Cook , Phuong Nguyen

The query model offers a concrete setting where quantum algorithms are provably superior to randomized algorithms. Beautiful results by Bernstein-Vazirani, Simon, Aaronson, and others presented partial Boolean functions that can be computed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Avishay Tal

Many convex optimization problems have structured objective function written as a sum of functions with different types of oracles (full gradient, coordinate derivative, stochastic gradient) and different evaluation complexity of these…

In the near future, there will likely be special-purpose quantum computers with 40-50 high-quality qubits. This paper lays general theoretical foundations for how to use such devices to demonstrate "quantum supremacy": that is, a clear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-28 Scott Aaronson , Lijie Chen

We investigate the complexity of explicit construction problems, where the goal is to produce a particular object of size $n$ possessing some pseudorandom property in time polynomial in $n$. We give overwhelming evidence that $\bf{APEPP}$,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Oliver Korten

There's something really strange about quantum mechanics. It's not just that cats can be dead and alive at the same time, and that entanglement seems to violate the principle of locality; quantum mechanics seems to be what Aaronson calls…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-23 Joseph Bebel , Henry Yuen

Aaronson and Ambainis (SICOMP `18) showed that any partial function on $N$ bits that can be computed with an advantage $\delta$ over a random guess by making $q$ quantum queries, can also be computed classically with an advantage $\delta/2$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Nikhil Bansal , Makrand Sinha

We give an oracle separation between QMA and QCMA for quantum algorithms that have bounded adaptivity in their oracle queries; that is, the number of rounds of oracle calls is small, though each round may involve polynomially many queries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Shalev Ben-David , Srijita Kundu

We give a corrected proof that if PP $\subseteq$ BQP/qpoly, then the Counting Hierarchy collapses, as originally claimed by [Aaronson 2006 arXiv:cs/0504048]. This recovers the related unconditional claim that PP does not have circuits of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Justin Yirka