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Deep learning architectures are an extremely powerful tool for recognizing and classifying images. However, they require supervised learning and normally work on vectors the size of image pixels and produce the best results when trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ryan Burt , Nina N. Thigpen , Andreas Keil , Jose C. Principe

Bottom-up and top-down visual cues are two types of information that helps the visual saliency models. These salient cues can be from spatial distributions of the features (space-based saliency) or contextual / task-dependent features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Nevrez Imamoglu , Wataru Shimoda , Chi Zhang , Yuming Fang , Asako Kanezaki , Keiji Yanai , Yoshifumi Nishida

It has been hypothesized that neural activities in the primary visual cortex (V1) represent a saliency map of the visual field to exogenously guide attention. This hypothesis has so far provided only qualitative predictions and their…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-10-08 Li Zhaoping , Li Zhe

Saliency computation models aim to imitate the attention mechanism in the human visual system. The application of deep neural networks for saliency prediction has led to a drastic improvement over the last few years. However, deep models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Saman Zabihi , Hamed Rezazadegan Tavakoli , Ali Borji

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks. However, concerns about their trustworthiness persist, particularly regarding tendencies to lean more on textual cues than visual evidence and the risk of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Shizhan Gong , Minda Hu , Qiyuan Zhang , Chen Ma , Qi Dou

Photo collections and its applications today attempt to reflect user interactions in various forms. Moreover, photo collections aim to capture the users' intention with minimum effort through applications capturing user intentions. Human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-13 Jinsoo Choi , Tae-Hyun Oh , In So Kweon

Ground truth for saliency prediction datasets consists of two types of map data: fixation pixel map which records the human eye movements on sample images, and fixation blob map generated by performing gaussian blurring on the corresponding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Shanghua Xiao

Saliency modeling has been an active research area in computer vision for about two decades. Existing state of the art models perform very well in predicting where people look in natural scenes. There is, however, the risk that these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-15 Ali Borji , Laurent Itti

We introduce a saliency-based distortion layer for convolutional neural networks that helps to improve the spatial sampling of input data for a given task. Our differentiable layer can be added as a preprocessing block to existing task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Adrià Recasens , Petr Kellnhofer , Simon Stent , Wojciech Matusik , Antonio Torralba

The real human attention is an interactive activity between our visual system and our brain, using both low-level visual stimulus and high-level semantic information. Previous image salient object detection (SOD) works conduct their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Zhenyu Wu , Shuai Li , Chenglizhao Chen , Aimin Hao , Hong Qin

Most of the saliency methods are evaluated on their ability to generate saliency maps, and not on their functionality in a complete vision pipeline, like for instance, image classification. In the current paper, we propose an approach which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Carola Figueroa-Flores , Bogdan Raducanu , David Berga , Joost van de Weijer

Input perturbation methods occlude parts of an input to a function and measure the change in the function's output. Recently, input perturbation methods have been applied to generate and evaluate saliency maps from convolutional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Lukas Brunke , Prateek Agrawal , Nikhil George

Top-down visual attention mechanisms have been used extensively in image captioning and visual question answering (VQA) to enable deeper image understanding through fine-grained analysis and even multiple steps of reasoning. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Peter Anderson , Xiaodong He , Chris Buehler , Damien Teney , Mark Johnson , Stephen Gould , Lei Zhang

Top-down saliency models produce a probability map that peaks at target locations specified by a task/goal such as object detection. They are usually trained in a fully supervised setting involving pixel-level annotations of objects. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Hisham Cholakkal , Jubin Johnson , Deepu Rajan

In recent years, three-dimensional point clouds are used increasingly to document natural environments. Each dataset contains a diverse set of objects, at varying shapes and sizes, distributed throughout the data and intricately intertwined…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Reuma Arav , Dennis Wittich , Franz Rottensteiner

In this paper, we proposed an integrated model of semantic-aware and contrast-aware saliency combining both bottom-up and top-down cues for effective saliency estimation and eye fixation prediction. The proposed model processes visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Xiaoshuai Sun

The bottom-up saliency, an early stage of humans' visual attention, can be considered as a binary classification problem between centre and surround classes. Discriminant power of features for the classification is measured as mutual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-06-07 Anh Cat Le Ngo , Kenneth Li-Minn Ang , Guoping Qiu , Jasmine Kah-Phooi Seng

Image captioning has been recently gaining a lot of attention thanks to the impressive achievements shown by deep captioning architectures, which combine Convolutional Neural Networks to extract image representations, and Recurrent Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Giuseppe Serra , Rita Cucchiara

Visual perception is the most critical input for driving decisions. In this study, our aim is to understand relationship between saliency and driving decisions. We present a novel attention-based saliency map prediction model for making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Ekrem Aksoy , Ahmet Yazıcı , Mahmut Kasap

While image data starts to enjoy the simple-but-effective self-supervised learning scheme built upon masking and self-reconstruction objective thanks to the introduction of tokenization procedure and vision transformer backbone,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zhi-Yi Chin , Chieh-Ming Jiang , Ching-Chun Huang , Pin-Yu Chen , Wei-Chen Chiu