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Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful black-box predictors that have achieved impressive performance on a wide variety of tasks. However, their accuracy comes at the cost of intelligibility: it is usually unclear how they make their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Rishabh Agarwal , Levi Melnick , Nicholas Frosst , Xuezhou Zhang , Ben Lengerich , Rich Caruana , Geoffrey Hinton

This work proposes a novel approach to the deep hierarchical classification task, i.e., the problem of classifying data according to multiple labels organized in a rigid parent-child structure. It consists in a multi-output deep neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Lorenzo Fiaschi , Marco Cococcioni

Deep learning has achieved expert-level performance in automated electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis, yet the "black-box" nature of these models hinders their clinical deployment. Trust in medical AI requires not just high accuracy but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Vajira Thambawita , Jonas L. Isaksen , Jørgen K. Kanters , Hugo L. Hammer , Pål Halvorsen

The lack of transparency of neural networks stays a major break for their use. The Layerwise Relevance Propagation technique builds heat-maps representing the relevance of each input in the model s decision. The relevance spreads backward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Mathilde Guillemot , Catherine Heusele , Rodolphe Korichi , Sylvianne Schnebert , Liming Chen

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable performance in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification over the last few years. Despite the progress that has been made, rich and informative spectral information of HSI has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Huiling Wang

Based on deep neural networks (DNNs), deep learning has been successfully applied to many problems, but its mechanism is still not well understood -- especially the reason why over-parametrized DNNs can generalize. A recent statistical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-06-10 Gang Huang , Lai Shun Chan , Hajime Yoshino , Ge Zhang , Yuliang Jin

The interpretation of reasoning by Deep Neural Networks (DNN) is still challenging due to their perceived black-box nature. Therefore, deploying DNNs in several real-world tasks is restricted by the lack of transparency of these models. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Maddimsetti Srinivas , Debdoot Sheet

Neural networks are widely regarded as black-box models, creating significant challenges in understanding their inner workings, especially in natural language processing (NLP) applications. To address this opacity, model explanation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Melkamu Mersha , Mingiziem Bitewa , Tsion Abay , Jugal Kalita

Despite the highest classification accuracy in wide varieties of application areas, artificial neural network has one disadvantage. The way this Network comes to a decision is not easily comprehensible. The lack of explanation ability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-10-18 Tameru Hailesilassie

We propose a novel learning paradigm for Deep Neural Networks (DNN) by using Boolean logic algebra. We first present the basic differentiable operators of a Boolean system such as conjunction, disjunction and exclusive-OR and show how these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Ali Payani , Faramarz Fekri

Edge inference techniques partition and distribute Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference tasks among multiple edge nodes for low latency inference, without considering the core-level heterogeneity of edge nodes. Further, default DNN inference…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zain Taufique , Aman Vyas , Antonio Miele , Pasi Liljeberg , Anil Kanduri

Compressive image recovery is a challenging problem that requires fast and accurate algorithms. Recently, neural networks have been applied to this problem with promising results. By exploiting massively parallel GPU processing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-08 Christopher A. Metzler , Ali Mousavi , Richard G. Baraniuk

In this paper, we interpret Deep Neural Networks with Complex Network Theory. Complex Network Theory (CNT) represents Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as directed weighted graphs to study them as dynamical systems. We efficiently adapt CNT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriele La Malfa , Giuseppe Nicosia , Vito Latora

DeConvNet, Guided BackProp, LRP, were invented to better understand deep neural networks. We show that these methods do not produce the theoretically correct explanation for a linear model. Yet they are used on multi-layer networks with…

Distance-based classifiers, such as k-nearest neighbors and support vector machines, continue to be a workhorse of machine learning, widely used in science and industry. In practice, to derive insights from these models, it is also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Florian Bley , Jacob Kauffmann , Simon León Krug , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

Based on its great successes in inference and denosing tasks, Dictionary Learning (DL) and its related sparse optimization formulations have garnered a lot of research interest. While most solutions have focused on single layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Wen Tang , Emilie Chouzenoux , Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Hamid Krim

State-of-the-art performance in electroencephalography (EEG) decoding tasks is currently often achieved with either Deep-Learning (DL) or Riemannian-Geometry-based decoders (RBDs). Recently, there is growing interest in Deep Riemannian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Daniel Wilson , Robin Tibor Schirrmeister , Lukas Alexander Wilhelm Gemein , Tonio Ball

The lack of interpretability and trust is a much-criticised feature of deep neural networks. In fully connected nets, the signalling between inner layers is scrambled because backpropagation training does not require perceptrons to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-28 Jake L. Amey , Jake Keeley , Tajwar Choudhury , Ilya Kuprov

Traditional machine learning is generally treated as a black-box optimization problem and does not typically produce interpretable functions that connect inputs and outputs. However, the ability to discover such interpretable functions is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Nisal Ranasinghe , Damith Senanayake , Sachith Seneviratne , Malin Premaratne , Saman Halgamuge

Ongoing efforts to understand deep neural networks (DNN) have provided many insights, but DNNs remain incompletely understood. Improving DNN's interpretability has practical benefits, such as more accountable usage, better algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Erico Tjoa , Guan Cuntai
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