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We study by means of experiments and Monte Carlo simulations, the scattering of light in random media, to determine the distance upto which photons travel along almost undeviated paths within a scattering medium, and are therefore capable…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Venkatesh Gopal , Sushil Mujumdar , Hema Ramachandran , A. K. Sood

Slow-light media are of interest in the context of quantum computing and enhanced measurement of quantum effects, with particular emphasis on using slow-light with single photons. We use light-in-flight imaging with a single photon…

Many emerging reconfigurable optical systems are limited by routing complexity when producing dynamic, two-dimensional (2D) electric fields. Using a gradient-based inverse designed, static phase-mask doublet, we propose an optical system to…

Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) is a powerful imaging technique that uses a planar illumination oriented orthogonally to the detection axis. Two-photon (2P) LSM is a variant of LSM that exploits the 2P absorption effect for sample excitation.…

Many of the characteristics of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), such as high Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE), are well matched to the requirements of the cameras of the Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-24 Giuseppe Romeo , Giovanni Bonanno , Giorgia Sironi , Maria Cristina Timpanaro

Optical imaging through complex scattering media is one of the major technical challenges with important applications in many research fields, ranging from biomedical imaging, astronomical telescopy, and spatially multiplex optical…

The evolution of X-ray detection technology has significantly enhanced sensitivity and spatial resolution in non-destructive imaging of internal structure. However, the problem of low luminescence and transparency of scintillator materials…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-16 Tatsunori Shibuya , Eichi Terasawa , Hiromi Kimura , Takeshi Fujiwara

Multispectral imaging (MSI) captures data across multiple spectral bands, offering enhanced informational depth compared to standard RGB imaging and benefiting diverse fields such as agriculture, medical diagnostics, and industrial…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-08-29 Muchen Zhu , Baolei Liu , Yao Wang , Linjun Zhai , Jiaqi Song , Nana Liu , Zhaohua Yang , Lei Ding , Fan Wang

Stimulated photon-photon scattering is a predicted consequence of quantum electrodynamics that has yet to be measured directly. Measuring the cross-section for stimulated photon-photon scattering is the aim of a flagship experiment for NSF…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-19 Hans G. Rinderknecht , E. Dill , A. J. MacLeod , B. King , K. Sow , S. -W. Bahk , I. A. Begishev , F. Karbstein , J. Schreiber , M. Zepf , A. Di Piazza

We review the principle and methodology of leakage radiation microscopy (LRM) applied to surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Therefore we first analyse in detail the electromagnetic theory of leaky SPP waves. We show that LRM is a versatile…

Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging can map tissue scattering and absorption properties over a wide field of view, making it useful for clinical applications such as wound assessment and surgical guidance. This technique has previously…

Biological Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Mason T. Chen , Melina Papadakis , Nicholas J. Durr

Imaging with the second-order correlation of two light fields is a method to image an object by two-photon interference involving a joint detection of two photons at distant space-time points. We demonstrate for the first time that an image…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-15 Wenlin Gong , Pengli Zhang , Xia Shen , Shensheng Han

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a highly sensitive chemical imaging technique. However, the broader application of SRS has been limited by two key challenges: the reliance on low-noise but bulky solid-state laser sources and…

Far-field optical microscopy using focused light is an important tool in a number of scientific disciplines including chemical, (bio)physical and biomedical research, particularly with respect to the study of living cells and organisms.…

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful quantitative technique that provides metabolic and molecular contrast, offering strong translational potential for label-free, real-time diagnostics. However, its clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Paloma Casteleiro Costa , Parnian Ghapandar Kashani , Xuhui Liu , Alexander Chen , Ary Portes , Julien Bec , Laura Marcu , Aydogan Ozcan

In this paper, a compact and low-cost structured illumination microscope (SIM) based on a 2X2 fiber coupler is presented. Fringe illumination is achieved by placing two output fiber tips at a conjugate Fourier plane of the sample plane as…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-12-19 Shiming Hu , Lei Liu , Yizheng Huang , Wenwen Liu , Qingquan Wei , Manqing Tan , Yude Yu

We developed a scan mirror mechanism (SMM) that enable a slit-based spectrometer or spectropolarimeter to precisely and quickly map an astronomical object. The SMM, designed to be installed in the optical path preceding the entrance slit,…

Despite the recent visually-pleasing results achieved, the massive computational cost has been a long-standing flaw for diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs), which, in turn, greatly limits their applications on resource-limited platforms.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Xingyi Yang , Daquan Zhou , Jiashi Feng , Xinchao Wang

Measuring subdiffraction separations between single fluorescent particles is important for biological, nano-, and medical-technology studies. Major challenges include (i) measuring changing molecular separations with high temporal…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Shawn H. DeCenzo , Michael C. DeSantis , Y. M. Wang

With applications ranging from metabolomics to histopathology, quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) is a powerful label-free imaging modality. Despite significant advances in fast multiplexed imaging sensors and deep-learning-based inverse…

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