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This review summarizes recent experimental and theoretical progress in determining neutrino mixing angles and masses through neutrino oscillations. We describe the basic physics of oscillation phenomena in vacuum and matter, as well as the…
Recent results on neutrino oscillations and neutrino masses are presented. The most exciting news are the Super-Kamiokande measurements of atmospheric neutrinos, which show evidence for the neutrinos being massive. Various possible schemes…
Neutrinos are neutral, spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles which undergo only weak interactions. The experimentally observed phenomenon of neutrino oscillation establishes the fact that neutrinos are massive and there is mixing between different…
It is argued that the observed vacuum energy density and the small values of the neutrino masses could be due to anthropic selection effects. Until now, these two quantities have been treated separately from each other and, in particular,…
The present status of the problem of neutrino mass, mixing and neutrino oscillations is briefly summarized. The evidence for oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos found recently in the Super-Kamiokande experiment is discussed. Indications…
Neutrino oscillations reveal several small parameters, namely, $\theta_{13}$, the solar mass splitting {\em vis-\`{a}-vis} the atmospheric one, and the deviation of $\theta_{23}$ from maximal mixing. Can these small quantities all be traced…
Neutrino physics is nowadays receiving more and more attention as a possible source of information for the long--standing investigation of new physics beyond the Standard Model. The rather recent measurement of the third mixing angle…
The key challenges for models with large extra dimensions, posed by neutrino physics are: first to understand why neutrino masses are small and second, whether one can have a simultaneous explanation of all observed oscillation phenomena.…
Neutrino oscillations present the only robust example of experimentally detected physics beyond the standard model. This review discusses the established and several hypothetical beyond standard models neutrino characteristics and their…
Solar neutrinos, generated abundantly by thermonuclear reactions in the solar interior, offer a unique tool for studying astrophysics and particle physics. The observation of solar neutrinos has led to the discovery of neutrino oscillation,…
In the last two decades experiments have established the existence of neutrino oscillations and most of the related parameters have by now been measured with reasonable accuracy. These results have accomplished a major progress for particle…
There is a renewed interest in constraining the sum of the masses of the three neutrino flavours by using cosmological measurements. Solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrino experiments have confirmed neutrino oscillations, implying that…
Recent atmospheric and solar neutrino experiments suggest that neutrinos have small but nonzero masses. They further suggest that mass eigenvalues have certain degree of hierarchical structures, and also some mixing angles are near-maximal…
Neutrinos are the least known particle in the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. They play a crucial role in cosmology, governing the universe's evolution and shaping the large-scale structures we observe today. In this chapter,…
The historical discovery of neutrino oscillations using solar and atmospheric neutrinos, and subsequent accelerator and reactor studies, has brought neutrino physics to the precision era. We note that CP effects in oscillation phenomena…
Neutrinos have two properties that make them fairly unique from other known particles: extremely low cross sections and flavor changing oscillations. With a good knowledge of the oscillation parameters soon in hand, it will become possible…
We present a short review of the existing evidence in favor of neutrino mass and neutrino oscillations which come from different kinds of experiments. We focus our attention in particular on solar neutrinos, presenting a global updated…
The turn of the 21st century witnessed a sudden shift in our fundamental understanding of particle physics. While the minimal Standard Model predicts that neutrino masses are exactly zero, the discovery of neutrino oscillations proved the…
Our knowledge of the neutrino sector of the Standard Model has recently undergone a revolution. Deficits of the atmospheric muon neutrino flux and the solar electron neutrino flux compared to their predicted values can be understood in…
The interplay between cosmology and earth based experiments is crucial in order to pin down neutrino physics. Indeed cosmology can provide very tight, yet model dependent, constraints on some neutrino properties. Here we focus on the…