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Validation of flood models, used to support risk mitigation strategies, remains challenging due to limited observations during extreme events. High-frequency, high-resolution optical imagery (~3 m), such as PlanetScope, offers new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Azizbek Nuriddinov , Ebrahim Ahmadisharaf , Mohammad Reza Alizadeh

Machine learning (ML) has often been applied to space weather (SW) problems in recent years. SW originates from solar perturbations and is comprised of the resulting complex variations they cause within the systems between the Sun and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Richard J. Licata , Piyush M. Mehta

The challenges in operational flood forecasting lie in producing reliable forecasts given constrained computational resources and within processing times that are compatible with near-real-time forecasting. Flood hydrodynamic models exploit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-25 Thanh Huy Nguyen , Sophie Ricci , Andrea Piacentini , Quentin Bonassies , Raquel Rodriguez Suquet , Santiago Peña Luque , Kevin Marlis , Cédric David

To better understand the dynamics of human settlements, thorough knowledge of the uncertainty in geospatial built-up surface datasets is critical. While frameworks for localized accuracy assessments of categorical gridded data have been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-23 Johannes H. Uhl , Stefan Leyk

Surface runoff shapes planetary landscapes, but global hydrological models often lack the resolution and flexibility to simulate dynamic surface water bodies beyond Earth. Recent studies of Mars have revealed abundant geological and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-05 Alexandre Gauvain , François Forget , Martin Turbet , Jean-Baptiste Clément , Lucas Lange , Romain Vandemeulebrouck

Depth estimation is a core task in 3D computer vision. Recent methods investigate the task of monocular depth trained with various depth sensor modalities. Every sensor has its advantages and drawbacks caused by the nature of estimates. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-11 HyunJun Jung , Patrick Ruhkamp , Guangyao Zhai , Nikolas Brasch , Yitong Li , Yannick Verdie , Jifei Song , Yiren Zhou , Anil Armagan , Slobodan Ilic , Ales Leonardis , Benjamin Busam

In this technical report we compare different deep learning models for prediction of water depth rasters at high spatial resolution. Efficient, accurate, and fast methods for water depth prediction are nowadays important as urban floods are…

High-definition 3D city maps enable city planning and change detection, which is essential for municipal compliance, map maintenance, and asset monitoring, including both built structures and urban greenery. Conventional Digital Surface…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Hezam Albagami , Haitian Wang , Xinyu Wang , Muhammad Ibrahim , Zainy M. Malakan , Abdullah M. Alqamdi , Mohammed H. Alghamdi , Ajmal Mian

Floods are one of the deadliest natural hazards and are fueled by excessive urbanization. Urban development decreases infiltration by reducing pervious areas and increases the accumulation of pollutants during dry weather. During wet…

We present the geospatial methods in conjunction with results of a newly developed storm surge and sub-grid inundation model which was applied in New York City during Hurricane Sandy in 2012. Sub-grid modeling takes a novel approach for…

Geophysics · Physics 2014-12-03 Jon Derek Loftis , Harry V. Wang , Stuart E. Hamilton , David R. Forrest

Relevant comprehension of flood hazards has emerged as a crucial necessity, especially as the severity and the occurrence of flood events intensify with climate changes. Flood simulation and forecast capability have been greatly improved…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-18 Thanh Huy Nguyen , Anthéa Delmotte , Christophe Fatras , Peter Kettig , Andrea Piacentini , Sophie Ricci

Floods rank among the costliest natural hazards, causing over USD 100 billion in insured losses between 2013 and 2023. In France, persistent deficits in the natural catastrophe scheme highlight the need for accurate, building-scale flood…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-04 Mulah Moriah , Franck Vermet , Pierre Ailliot , Philippe Naveau , Juliette Legrand

Landslides are a recurring, widespread hazard. Preparation and mitigation efforts can be aided by a high-quality, large-scale dataset that covers global at-risk areas. Such a dataset currently does not exist and is impossible to construct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Savinay Nagendra , Chaopeng Shen , Daniel Kifer

Semantic segmentation metrics for 3D point clouds, such as mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) and Overall Accuracy (OA), present two key limitations in the context of aerial LiDAR data. First, they treat all misclassifications equally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Alex Salvatierra , José Antonio Sanz , Christian Gutiérrez , Mikel Galar

Floods cause extensive global damage annually, making effective monitoring essential. While satellite observations have proven invaluable for flood detection and tracking, comprehensive global flood datasets spanning extended time periods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Amit Misra , Kevin White , Simone Fobi Nsutezo , William Straka , Juan Lavista

Development of the new methods of surface water observation is crucial in the perspective of increasingly frequent extreme hydrological events related to global warming and increasing demand for water. Orthophotos and digital surface models…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Radosław Szostak , Marcin Pietroń , Mirosław Zimnoch , Przemysław Wachniew , Paweł Ćwiąkała , Edyta Puniach

Weather forecasting is a vitally important tool for tasks ranging from planning day to day activities to disaster response planning. However, modeling weather has proven to be challenging task due to its chaotic and unpredictable nature.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Lawrence Zhang , Adam Yang , Rodz Andrie Amor , Bryan Zhang , Dhruv Rao

Reliable quantification of uncertainty in Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) point clouds is essential for ensuring the accuracy and credibility of downstream applications such as 3D mapping, modeling, and change analysis. Traditional backward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Ziyang Xu , Olaf Wysocki , Christoph Holst

Spatially-explicit estimates of population density, together with appropriate estimates of uncertainty, are required in many management contexts. Density Surface Models (DSMs) are a two-stage approach for estimating spatially-varying…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-25 Mark V Bravington , David L Miller , Sharon L Hedley

The hydrometric prediction of water quantity is useful for a variety of applications, including water management, flood forecasting, and flood control. However, the task is difficult due to the dynamic nature and limited data of water…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Naghmeh Shafiee Roudbari , Charalambos Poullis , Zachary Patterson , Ursula Eicker