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From the Physics point of view, time is now best described through General Relativity, as part of space-time which is a dynamical object encoding gravity. Time possesses also some intrinsic irreversibility due to thermodynamics, quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-30 Florian Girelli , Stefano Liberati , Lorenzo Sindoni

Irreversibility remains one of the least understood concepts in physics. One of the main reasons is the fact that the fundamental laws of classical and quantum physics are time symmetric, whereas macroscopic processes evolve in a preferred…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-28 Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo

Irreversibility implies a preferred flow of time, yet special relativity denies the existence of a preferred clock. This tension has long obstructed the formulation of a relativistic master equation: standard Markovian approximations either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Pranav Vaidhyanathan , Gerard J. Milburn

Proposals to solve the problems of quantum measurement via non-linear CPT-violating modifications of quantum dynamics are argued to provide a possible fundamental explanation for the irreversibility of statistical mechanics as well. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. B. Weissman

The standard formulation of quantum theory relies on a fixed space-time metric determining the localisation and causal order of events. In general relativity, the metric is influenced by matter, and is expected to become indefinite when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Esteban Castro-Ruiz , Flaminia Giacomini , Alessio Belenchia , Časlav Brukner

Quantum Theory, similar to Relativity Theory, requires a new concept of space-time, imposed by a universal constant. While velocity of light $c$ not being infinite calls for a redefinition of space-time on large and cosmological scales,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Herbert Capellmann

It was generally believed throughout the 20-th century that irreversibility is a purely classical event without operator counterpart. However, a classical irreversible system cannot be consistently decomposed into a finite number of…

General Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ruggero Maria Santilli

Time-reversal had always been assumed to be a symmetry of physics at the fundamental level. In this paper we will explore the violations of time-reversal symmetry at the fundamental level and the consequences on thermodynamic systems.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Jose A. Magpantay

In quantum physics, disturbance due to a measurement is not negligible. This requires the time parameter $t$ in the Schr\"odinger or Heisenberg equation to be considered differently from a time continuum of experimenter's clock $T$ on which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-24 Yoshihiro Sato , Arno R. Bohm

The irreversibility in a statistical system is traced to its probabilistic evolution, and the molecular chaos assumption is not its unique consequence as is commonly believed. Under the assumption that the rate of change of the each…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-03-10 P. D. Gujrati

We demonstrate that irreversibility arises from the principle of microscopic reversibility and the presence of memory in the time evolution of a single copy of a system driven by a protocol. We introduce microscopic reversibility by using…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-30 J. Ricardo Arias-Gonzalez

It is well-known that Bell's Theorem and other No Hidden Variable theorems have a "retrocausal loophole", because they assume that the values of pre-existing hidden variables are independent of future measurement settings. (This is often…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-07-31 Huw Price , Ken Wharton

The treatment of time in relativity does not conform to that in quantum theory. In the context of quantum gravity this is called "the problem of time". A crucial difference is that time $t$ may be seen as an observable in relativity theory,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Per Östborn

This paper concerns with the time-reversal characteristics of intrinsic normal diffusion in quantum systems. Time-reversible properties are quantified by the time-reversal test; the system evolved in the forward direction for a certain…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 Hiroaki S. Yamada , Kensuke S. Ikeda

Preoccupied with measurement, physics has neglected the need, before anything can be measured, to recognize what it is that is to be measured. The recognition of symbols employs a known physical mechanism. The elemental mechanism-a damped…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-09 John M. Myers , F. Hadi Madjid

The time reversal and irreversibility in conventional quantum mechanics are compared with those of the rigged Hilbert space quantum mechanics. We discuss the time evolution of Gamow and Gamow-Jordan vectors and show that the rigged Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-15 A. Bohm , P. Kielanowski

In both classical and quantum physics, irreversible processes are described by maps that contract the space of states. The change in volume has often been taken as a natural quantifier of the amount of irreversibility. In Bayesian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Lizhuo Liu , Clive Cenxin Aw

Relativistic invariance is a physical law verified in several domains of physics. The impossibility of faster than light influences is not questioned by quantum theory. In quantum electrodynamics, in quantum field theory and in the standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-05 Marian Kupczynski

We examine the transmission of quantum particles (phonons, electrons, and photons) across interfaces, identifying universal patterns in diverse physical scenarios. Starting with classical wave equations, we quantize them and derive kinetic…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-01-02 A. P. Meilakhs

The role of time in quantum mechanics is discussed. The differences between ordinary observables and an observable which corresponds to the time of an event is examined. In particular, the time-of-arrival of a particle to a fixed location…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. Oppenheim , B. Reznik , W. G. Unruh