Related papers: A Note on a Map from Knots to $2$-Knots
We introduce a new way to tabulate knots by representing knot diagrams using a pair of planar trees. This pair of trees have their edges labeled by integers, they have no valence 2 vertices, and they have the same number of valence 1…
Ng constructed an invariant of knots in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$, a combinatorial knot contact homology. Extending his study, we construct an invariant of surface-knots in ${\mathbb{R}}^4$ using marked graph diagrams.
A powerful way to study groups is via their actions on suitable spaces. Classifying spaces for families of subgroups are a type of these spaces, obtained by imposing some strict conditions on the fixed-point sets. We show how in the…
A classical knot is described by a one-stroke trajectory with entanglements of a string. The replica method appears as a powerful tool in statistical mechanics for a polymer or self-avoiding walk. We consider this replica N to 0 limit in…
This paper explores the problem of unknotting closed braids and classical knots in mathematical knot theory. We apply evolutionary computation methods to learn sequences of moves that simplify knot diagrams, and show that this can be…
In the present paper, we address the problem how to get a map from knots in the cylinder and on the thickened torus to some (generalisation of) virtual knots called virtual-flat knots. The main construction takes a diagram on a cylinder…
We study petal diagrams of knots, which provide a method of describing knots in terms of permutations in a symmetric group $S_{2n+1}$. We define two classes of moves on such permutations, called trivial petal additions and crossing…
The motivation for this work is to construct a map from classical knots to virtual ones. What we get in the paper is a series of maps from knots in the full torus (thickened torus) to flat-virtual knots. We give definition of flat-virtual…
Two natural generalizations of knot theory are the study of spatial graphs and virtual knots. Our goal is to unify these two approaches into the study of virtual spatial graphs. This paper is a survey, and does not contain any new results.…
Let $K,K'$ be two-bridge knots of genus $n,k$ respectively. We show the necessary and sufficient condition of $n$ in terms of $k$ that there exists an epimorphism from the knot group of $K$ onto that of $K'$.
Virtual knot theory has experienced a lot of nice features that did not appear in classical knot theory, e.g., parity and picture-valued invariants. In the present paper we use virtual knot theory effects to construct new representations of…
In the classical knot theory there is a well-known notion of descending diagram. From an arbitrary diagram one can easily obtain, by some crossing changes, a descending diagram which is a diagram of the unknot or unlink. In this paper the…
Ng constructed an invariant of knots in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$, a combinatorial knot contact homology. Extending his study, we construct an invariant of surface-knots in ${\mathbb{R}}^4$ using diagrams in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$.
We establish a connection between knot theory and cluster algebras via representation theory. To every knot diagram (or link diagram), we associate a cluster algebra by constructing a quiver with potential. The rank of the cluster algebra…
There is a map, defined and studied by Jones, from Thompson's group $F$ to knots. Jones proved that every knot is in the image of this map -- that is, that every knot can be seen as the "knot closure" of a Thompson group element. We…
By using double branched covers, we prove that there is a 1-1 correspondence between the set of knotoids in the 2-sphere, up to orientation reversion and rotation, and knots with a strong inversion, up to conjugacy. This correspondence…
Satoh has defined a map from virtual knots to ribbon surfaces embedded in $S^4$. Herein, we generalize this map to virtual $m$-links, and use this to construct generalizations of welded and extended welded knots to higher dimensions. This…
Algorithm of construction of all knots, links with given number of crosses on diagram of knot, link is offered. This algorithm is based on simple proposition, that there is a representation of knot (link) as closure of braid with n threads…
This paper is a survey of knot theory and invariants of knots and links from the point of view of categories of diagrams. The topics range from foundations of knot theory to virtual knot theory and topological quantum field theory.
We define a new kind of Gauss diagrams to describe knots in the solid torus with projections in the annulus. We see that it provides an efficient tool for showing that a knot diagram can be fully recovered from its decorated Gauss diagram,…