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We reveal a natural algebraic problem whose complexity appears to interpolate between the well-known complexity classes BQP and NP: (*) Decide whether a univariate polynomial with exactly m monomial terms has a p-adic rational root. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Maurice Rojas

In this paper we present two efficient methods for reconstructing a rational number from several residue-modulus pairs, some of which may be incorrect. One method is a natural generalization of that presented by Wang, Guy and Davenport in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-22 John Abbott

Counterfactual Explanations (CE) face several unresolved challenges, such as ensuring stability, synthesizing multiple CEs, and providing plausibility and sparsity guarantees. From a more practical point of view, recent studies [Pawelczyk…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-19 Salim I. Amoukou , Nicolas J. B Brunel

Recently it was shown that it is undecidable whether a term rewrite system can be proved terminating by a polynomial interpretation in the natural numbers. In this paper we show that this is also the case when restricting the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Fabian Mitterwallner , Aart Middeldorp , René Thiemann

We develop a topological approach to prove the generalized Lax conjecture using the fact that determinants of sufficiently big symmetric linear pencils are able to express the rigidly convex sets of RZ polynomials of any degree $d$.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Alejandro González Nevado

In [18] Fournier and Printems establish a methodology which allows to prove the absolute continuity of the law of the solution of some stochastic equations with H\"{o}lder continuous coefficients. This is of course out of reach by using…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-04-03 V. Bally , L. Caramellino

We introduce a notion of computable randomness for infinite sequences that generalises the classical version in two important ways. First, our definition of computable randomness is associated with imprecise probability models, in the sense…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-23 Floris Persiau , Jasper De Bock , Gert de Cooman

We prove that under very mild conditions for any interpolation formula $f(x) = \sum_{\lambda\in \Lambda} f(\lambda)a_\lambda(x) + \sum_{\mu\in M} \hat{f}(\mu)b_{\mu}(x)$ we have a lower bound for the counting functions $n_\Lambda(R_1) +…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-05-27 Aleksei Kulikov

We investigate the computational complexity of admissibility of inference rules in infinite-valued {\L}ukasiewicz propositional logic (\L). It was shown in [13] that admissibility in {\L} is checkable in PSPACE. We establish that this…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-05-22 Emil Jeřábek

We present a method to prove the decidability of provability in several well-known inference systems. This method generalizes both cut-elimination and the construction of an automaton recognizing the provable propositions.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Gilles Dowek , Ying Jiang

In combinatorics, the probabilistic method is a very powerful tool to prove the existence of combinatorial objects with interesting and useful properties. Explicit constructions of objects with such properties are often very difficult, or…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Luca Trevisan

Random Indexing is a simple implementation of Random Projections with a wide range of applications. It can solve a variety of problems with good accuracy without introducing much complexity. Here we use it for identifying the language of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-02 Aditya Joshi , Johan Halseth , Pentti Kanerva

We establish a natural translation from word rewriting systems to strictly positive polymodal logics. Thereby, the latter can be considered as a generalization of the former. As a corollary we obtain examples of undecidable strictly…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-19 Lev D. Beklemishev

A real number \alpha is called recursively enumerable if there exists a computable, increasing sequence of rational numbers which converges to \alpha. The randomness of a recursively enumerable real \alpha can be characterized in various…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-05-20 Kohtaro Tadaki

A concept of randomness for infinite time register machines (ITRMs) is defined and studied. In particular, we show that for this notion of randomness, computability from mutually random reals implies computability and that an analogue of…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Merlin Carl

In this paper we propose an enhanced version of the residual sub-sampling method (RSM) in [9] for adaptive interpolation by radial basis functions (RBFs). More precisely, we introduce in the context of sub-sampling methods a maximum profile…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-29 R. Cavoretto A. De Rossi

We introduce a notion of realizability with ordinal Turing machines based on recognizability rather than computability, i.e., the ability to uniquely identify an object. We show that the arising concept of $r$-realizabilty has the property…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Merlin Carl

Generalization of the Lambalgen's theorem is studied with the notion of Hippocratic (blind) randomness without assuming computability of conditional probabilities. In [Bauwence 2014], a counter-example for the generalization of Lambalgen's…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-01-19 Hayato Takahashi

This paper defines a new notion of bounded computable randomness for certain classes of sub-computable functions which lack a universal machine. In particular, we define such versions of randomness for primitive recursive functions and for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Sam Buss , Douglas Cenzer , Jeffrey B. Remmel

Ibeling et al. (2023). axiomatize increasingly expressive languages of causation and probability, and Mosse et al. (2024) show that reasoning (specifically the satisfiability problem) in each causal language is as difficult, from a…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Duligur Ibeling , Thomas F. Icard , Milan Mossé