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The hot QCD matter produced in any heavy ion collision with a nonzero impact parameter is produced within a strong magnetic field. We study the imprint the magnetic fields produced in non-central heavy ion collisions leave on the azimuthal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-22 Umut Gursoy , Dmitri Kharzeev , Krishna Rajagopal

For nucleus-nucleus collisions at Relativistic-Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) energies we calculate observables in two conceptually transport theories, i.e. the n-body molecular dynamical model RSP and in the Parton-Hadron-String-Dynamics…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-07-09 Rudy Marty , Elena Bratkovskaya , Wolfgang Cassing , Joerg Aichelin

Ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs) offer unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic fields. In these collisions, highly charged fast-moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that can be effectively…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-06-21 Jie Zhao , Jinhui Chen , Xu-Guang Huang , Yu-Gang Ma

The properties of nuclear matter under extreme conditions of high temperature, density and isospin-asymmetry have attracted wide attentions in recent years. At present, heavy ion reactions in combination with corresponding model simulations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-06-26 Yuliang Sun , Yongjia Wang , Qingfeng Li , Fuqiang Wang

Strong magnetic fields are commonly generated in off-central relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab and in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN and have been used to probe the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-21 E. J. Ferrer , V. de la Incera

The initial strong magnetic field produced in high-energy nuclear collisions will distort the distribution of the relative angle between oppositely charged particles within a pair. In this paper, two experimental observables are examined to…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-04-10 Y. J. Ye , Y. G. Ma , A. H. Tang , G. Wang

Hard processes in nucleus-nucleus interactions at relativistic energies are reviewed with emphasis on recent PHENIX results from the first run of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at BNL. The observed suppression of moderately high $p_T$…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 David G. d'Enterria

I discuss several roles of the strong electromagnetic fields created by relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These phenomena call for theoretical and experimental developments to understand dynamics of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) as well as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-09 Koichi Hattori

We investigate particle production in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC energies as function of incident energy, and centrality in a three-sources Relativistic Diffusion Model. Pseudorapidity distributions of produced charged hadrons in Au + Au…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Rolf Kuiper , Georg Wolschin

The hadron string dynamics (HSD) model is generalized to include the creation and evolution of retarded electromagnetic fields as well as the influence of the magnetic and electric fields on the quasiparticle propagation. The time-space…

Electromagnetic fields are generated in high energy nuclear collisions by spectator valence protons. These fields are traditionally computed by integrating the Maxwell equations with point sources. One might expect that such an approach is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-12-21 Robert Holliday , Ryan McCarty , Balthazar Peroutka , Kirill Tuchin

We show that the phenomenology of isospin effects on heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies (few AGeV range) is extremely rich and can allow a ``direct'' study of the covariant structure of the isovector interaction in the hadron…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Di Toro , M. Colonna , G. Ferini , T. Gaitanos , V. Greco , H. H. Wolter

The features of magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are systematically studied by using a modified magnetic field model in this paper. The features of magnetic field distributions in the central point are studied in the RHIC…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-08-28 Yang Zhong , Chunbin Yang , Xu Cai , Shengqin Feng

I review the origin and properties of electromagnetic fields produced in heavy ion collisions. The field strength immediately after a collision is proportional to the collision energy and reaches eB\sim(m_\pi)^2 at RHIC and eB\sim10…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-01-21 Kirill Tuchin

In the following we stress the advantages of the NICA research programme in the context of studying the spectator-induced electromagnetic phenomena present in proton-nucleus and heavy ion collisions. We point at the specific interest of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-01-23 Andrzej Rybicki , Antoni Szczurek , Mariola Klusek-Gawenda , Iwona Sputowska

High pT hadrons produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC probe nuclear matter at extreme conditions of high energy density. Experimental measurements in Au+Au collisions at \sqrtsNN=130, 200 GeV establish the existence of…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-08-23 K. Filimonov

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions can produce extremely strong magnetic field in the collision regions. The spatial variation features of the magnetic fields are analyzed in detail for non-central Pb - Pb collisions at LHC $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-06 Yang Zhong , Chun-Bin Yang , Xu Cai , Sheng-Qin Feng

Strange hadrons have been suggested as sensitive probes of the properties of the nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. At few-GeV collision energies, the formed medium is baryon-rich due to baryon stopping effect. In these…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-11-17 Hongcan Li

In this work, we perform a model-to-data comparison for U+U and Au+Au collisions performed at RHIC at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = $193$ GeV and $200$ GeV, using a multistage framework. Model calculations for various configurations of $^{238}$U…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-06-17 Nicolas Fortier , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale

Using the strong electromagnetic fields in peripheral heavy ion collisions gives rise to a number of interesting possibilities of applications in both photon-photon and photon-hadron physics. We look at the theoretical foundations of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Kai Hencken