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We study the problem of indexing text with wildcard positions, motivated by the challenge of aligning sequencing data to large genomes that contain millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)---positions known to differ between…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-01-28 Chris Thachuk

Describing systems in terms of choices and their resulting costs and rewards offers the promise of freeing algorithm designers and programmers from specifying how those choices should be made; in implementations, the choices can be realized…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Martin Abadi , Gordon Plotkin

In the range $\alpha$-majority query problem, we are given a sequence $S[1..n]$ and a fixed threshold $\alpha \in (0, 1)$, and are asked to preprocess $S$ such that, given a query range $[i..j]$, we can efficiently report the symbols that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Travis Gagie , Meng He , Gonzalo Navarro

The suffix array and the suffix tree are the two most fundamental data structures for string processing. For a length-$n$ text, however, they use $\Theta(n \log n)$ bits of space, which is often too costly. To address this, Grossi and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

We revisit the fundamental problem of dictionary look-up with mismatches. Given a set (dictionary) of $d$ strings of length $m$ and an integer $k$, we must preprocess it into a data structure to answer the following queries: Given a query…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Paweł Gawrychowski , Gad M. Landau , Tatiana Starikovskaya

A Straight-Line Program (SLP) $G$ for a string $T$ is a context-free grammar (CFG) that derives $T$ only, which can be considered as a compressed representation of $T$. In this paper, we show how to encode $G$ in $n \lceil \lg N \rceil + (n…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Akito Takasaka , Tomohiro I

In this paper we describe compressed indexes that support pattern matching queries for strings with wildcards. For a constant size alphabet our data structure uses $O(n\log^{\varepsilon}n)$ bits for any $\varepsilon>0$ and reports all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-06 Moshe Lewenstein , Yakov Nekrich , Jeffrey Scott Vitter

We study the selection problem, namely that of computing the $i$th order statistic of $n$ given elements. Here we offer a data structure called \emph{selectable sloppy heap} handling a dynamic version in which upon request: (i)~a new…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-11 Adrian Dumitrescu

We introduce a framework for automatically choosing data structures to support efficient computation of analytical workloads. Our contributions are twofold. First, we introduce a novel low-level intermediate language that can express the…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Amir Shaikhha , Marios Kelepeshis , Mahdi Ghorbani

In Gapped String Indexing, the goal is to compactly represent a string $S$ of length $n$ such that for any query consisting of two strings $P_1$ and $P_2$, called patterns, and an integer interval $[\alpha, \beta]$, called gap range, we can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Philip Bille , Inge Li Gørtz , Moshe Lewenstein , Solon P. Pissis , Eva Rotenberg , Teresa Anna Steiner

This paper gives new results for synchronization strings, a powerful combinatorial object that allows to efficiently deal with insertions and deletions in various communication settings: $\bullet$ We give a deterministic, linear time…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-13 Bernhard Haeupler , Amirbehshad Shahrasbi

We consider the problem of supporting Rank() and Select() operations on a bit vector of length m with n 1 bits. The problem is considered in the succinct index model, where the bit vector is stored in "read-only" memory and an additional…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Alexander Golynski , Alessio Orlandi , Rajeev Raman , S. Srinivasa Rao

The observed frequency of the longest proper prefix, the longest proper suffix, and the longest infix of a word $w$ in a given sequence $x$ can be used for classifying $w$ as avoided or overabundant. The definitions used for the expectation…

The problem of space-efficient depth-first search (DFS) is reconsidered. A particularly simple and fast algorithm is presented that, on a directed or undirected input graph $G=(V,E)$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, carries out a DFS in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Torben Hagerup

A key principle in string processing is local consistency: using short contexts to handle matching fragments of a string consistently. String synchronizing sets [Kempa, Kociumaka; STOC 2019] are an influential instantiation of this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jonas Ellert , Tomasz Kociumaka

Many problems in Computer Science can be abstracted to the following question: given a set of objects and rules respectively, which new objects can be produced? In the paper, we consider a succinct version of the question: given a set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Tian-Ming Bu , Chen Yuan , Peng Zhang

The Suffix Array SA(S) of a string S[1 ... n] is an array containing all the suffixes of S sorted by lexicographic order. The suffix array is one of the most well known indexing data structures, and it functions as a key tool in many string…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Amihood Amir , Itai Boneh

The dictionary matching problem is to locate occurrences of any pattern among a set of patterns in a given text. Massive data sets abound and at the same time, there are many settings in which working space is extremely limited. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-01-29 Shoshana Marcus Dina Sokol

Given a string $T$ on an alphabet of size $\sigma$, we describe a bidirectional Burrows-Wheeler index that takes $O(|T|\log{\sigma})$ bits of space, and that supports the addition \emph{and removal} of one character, on the left or right…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Fabio Cunial , Djamal Belazzougui

We call a graph $G$ separable if a balanced separator can be computed for $G$ of size $O(n^c)$ with $c<1$. Many real-world graphs are separable such as graphs of bounded genus, graphs of constant treewidth, and graphs excluding a fixed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Michael Elberfeld , Frank Kammer , Johannes Meintrup