Related papers: Do we know what the temperature is?
The generalized equipartition theorem known as the conjugate variables theorem (Phys. Rev. E 86, 051136 [2012]), originally obtained in the context of statistical inference of continuous random variables, is extended in this work to the…
Heat capacity of matter is considered to be its most important property because it holds information about system's degrees of freedom as well as the regime in which the system operates, classical or quantum. Heat capacity is well…
This article presents a methodological transition from the conceptually formulated thermographic measurement equation (the so called thermography equation) to its quantitative form, expressed through the optogeometric factor. This factor…
Since Albert Einstein's seminal 1905-paper on Brownian motion, the temperature of fluids and gases of known viscosity can be deduced from observations of the fluctuations of small suspended probe particles. We summarize recent…
Superstatistics (Physica A 322, 267-275, 2003) is a formalism that attempts to explain the presence of distributions other than the Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions in Nature, typically power-law behavior, for systems out of equilibrium such…
Irreversible thermodynamics of simple fluids have been connected recently to the theory of dynamical systems and some interesting assumptions have been made about the nature of the associated invariant measures. We show that the tests of…
This review presents an overview of the thermal properties of mesoscopic structures. The discussion is based on the concept of electron energy distribution, and, in particular, on controlling and probing it. The temperature of an electron…
We discuss several ways of illustrating fundamental concepts in statistical and thermal physics by considering various models and algorithms. We emphasize the importance of replacing students' incomplete mental images by models that are…
Concepts of everyday use like energy, heat, and temperature have acquired a precise meaning after the development of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics provides the basis for understanding how heat and work are related and with the general…
"Quantum sensing" describes the use of a quantum system, quantum properties or quantum phenomena to perform a measurement of a physical quantity. Historical examples of quantum sensors include magnetometers based on superconducting quantum…
We develop a thermodynamical theory to describe the behavior of the entanglement between a single two-level atom with a single mode of the electromagnetic field. The resonant Jaynes-Cummings model is used to study both the entanglement…
We describe recent progress towards deriving the Fundamental Laws of thermodynamics (the 0th, 1st and 2nd Law) from nonequilibrium quantum statistical mechanics in simple, yet physically relevant models. Along the way, we clarify some basic…
Although the relationship between temperature and emotional states has been investigated in the field of haptics, it remains unknown if, or in what direction, temperature affects emotional states. We approach this question at the…
Relativistic thermodynamics is constructed from the point of view of special relativistic hydrodynamics. A relativistic four-current for heat and a general treatment of thermal equilibrium between moving bodies is presented. The different…
Using a very simple Gedankenexperiment, I remind the reader that (contrary to what happens in classical mechanics) the energy of a quantum system is inevitably increased just by performing (some) textbook measurements on it. As a direct…
Based on the view that thermal equilibrium should be characterized through macroscopic observations, we develop a general theory about typicality of thermal equilibrium and the approach to thermal equilibrium in macroscopic quantum systems.…
Dynamical properties of a generic null surface are known to have a thermodynamic interpretation. Such an interpretation is completely based on an analogy between the usual law of thermodynamics and structure of gravitational field equation…
The climate system is a forced, dissipative, nonlinear, complex and heterogeneous system that is out of thermodynamic equilibrium. The system exhibits natural variability on many scales of motion, in time as well as space, and it is subject…
In this paper, a method of measuring the entropy is presented. Problems related to the entropy and the heat are also discussed.
In the standard viewpoint, the temperature of a stationary black hole is proportional to its surface gravity, $T_H=\hbar\kappa/2\pi$. This is a semiclassical result and the quantum gravity effects are not taken into consideration. This…