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In this paper, we present an optimal metric function on average, which leads to a significantly low decoding computation while maintaining the superiority of the polarization-adjusted convolutional (PAC) codes' error-correction performance.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Mohsen Moradi

For finite length polar codes, channel polarization leaves a significant number of channels not fully polarized. Adding a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to better protect information on the semi-polarized channels has already been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-14 A. Elkelesh , M. Ebada , S. Cammerer , S. ten Brink

An efficient scheme to increase the performance of polar codes at short and moderate block lengths is a concatenation of CRC code and a polar code. In order to obtain better result of the concatenation, a CRC code with best error control…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Tsonka Baicheva , Peter Kazakov

This paper presents a hardware architecture of fast simplified successive cancellation (fast-SSC) algorithm for polar codes, which significantly reduces the decoding latency and dramatically increases the throughput. Algorithmically,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-09-30 Tiben Che , Jingwei Xu , Gwan Choi

This paper proposes the design of polar and convolutional coset codes for the unequal message protection (UMP) in the short blocklength regime, to overcome the rate loss introduced by preamble-based solutions. After providing conditions to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Alexander Sauter , Riccardo Schiavone , Lucía Balsa Picado , Gianluigi Liva

Recently, automorphism ensemble decoding (AED) has drawn research interest as a more computationally efficient alternative to successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding of polar codes. Although AED has demonstrated superior performance for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Marvin Geiselhart , Jannis Clausius , Stephan ten Brink

Successive-cancellation list (SCL) decoding is an algorithm that provides very good error-correction performance for polar codes. However, its hardware implementation requires a large amount of memory, mainly to store intermediate results.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Pascal Giard , Claude Thibeault , Warren J. Gross

Since its invention, polar code has received a lot of attention because of its capacity-achieving performance and low encoding and decoding complexity. Successive cancellation decoding (SCD) and belief propagation decoding (BPD) are two of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-26 Syed Mohsin Abbas , YouZhe Fan , Ji Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui

Polar codes are a recently proposed family of provably capacity-achieving error-correction codes that received a lot of attention. While their theoretical properties render them interesting, their practicality compared to other types of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-10 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Pascal Giard , Andreas Burg

In digital baseband processing, the forward error correction (FEC) unit belongs to the most demanding components in terms of computational complexity and power consumption. Hence, efficient implementation of FEC decoders is crucial for next…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Claus Kestel , Lucas Johannsen , Norbert Wehn

Polar codes are the first class of forward error correction (FEC) codes with a provably capacity-achieving capability. Using list successive cancellation decoding (LSCD) with a large list size, the error correction performance of polar…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-09 ChenYang Xia , YouZhe Fan , Ji Chen , Chi-ying Tsui , ChongYang Zeng , Jie Jin , Bin Li

Node-based successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding has received considerable attention in wireless communications for its significant reduction in decoding latency, particularly with 5G New Radio (NR) polar codes. However, the existing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Yuqing Ren , Leyu Zhang , Ludovic Damien Blanc , Yifei Shen , Xinwei Li , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Chuan Zhang , Andreas Burg

We show that successive cancellation list decoding can be formulated exclusively using log-likelihood ratios. In addition to numerical stability, the log-likelihood ratio based formulation has useful properties which simplify the sorting…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Mani Bastani Parizi , Andreas Burg

A concatenated coding scheme over binary memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels using a polarization transformation followed by outer sub-codes is analyzed. Achievable error exponents and upper bounds on the error rate are derived. The first…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Dina Goldin , David Burshtein

When a neural network (NN) is used to decode a polar code, its training complexity scales exponentially as the code block size (or to be precise, as a number of message bits) increases. Therefore, existing solutions that use a neural…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Evgeny Stupachenko

A lower bound on minimum distance of convolutional polar codes is provided. The bound is obtained from the minimum weight of generalized cosets of the codes generated by bottom rows of the polarizing matrix. Moreover, a construction of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Ruslan Morozov , Peter Trifonov

Polar codes are of great interest since they are the first provably capacity-achieving forward error correction codes. To improve throughput and to reduce decoding latency of polar decoders, maximum likelihood (ML) decoding units are used…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Chenrong Xiong , Jun Lin , Zhiyuan Yan

Multi-kernel polar codes have recently been proposed to construct polar codes of lengths different from powers of two. Decoder implementations for multi-kernel polar codes need to account for this feature, that becomes critical in memory…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Valerio Bioglio , Carlo Condo , Ingmar Land

The discovery of suitable automorphisms of polar codes gained a lot of attention by applying them in Automorphism Ensemble Decoding (AED) to improve the error-correction performance, especially for short block lengths. This paper introduces…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Lucas Johannsen , Claus Kestel , Marvin Geiselhart , Timo Vogt , Stephan ten Brink , Norbert Wehn

This paper presents our low-latency Polar code encoders and decoders developed for the 2025 International Symposium on Topics in Coding (ISTC 2025) contest, which challenges participants to implement the fastest possible channel code…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Mathieu Leonardon , Mohammed El Houcine Ayoubi , Adrien Cassagne , Romain Tajan , Camille Leroux