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Adaptive therapy improves cancer treatment by controlling the competition between sensitive and resistant cells through treatment holidays. This study highlights the critical role of treatment-holiday thresholds in adaptive therapy for…
We investigate estimation of causal effects of multiple competing (multi-valued) treatments in the absence of randomization. Our work is motivated by an intention-to-treat study of the relative cardiometabolic risk of assignment to one of…
First-line antiproliferatives for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a relatively high failure rate due to high intrinsic resistance rates and acquired resistance rates to therapy. 57% patients are diagnosed in late-stage disease due…
Progress in immunotherapy revolutionized the treatment landscape for advanced lung cancer, raising survival expectations beyond those that were historically anticipated with this disease. In the present study, we describe the methods for…
Cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health and leading to the deaths of a large number of people. It was observed during the drug administration in chemotherapy that immune cells, cancer…
We investigate a new dynamical system that describes tumor-host interaction. The equation that describes the untreated tumor growth is based on non-extensive statistical mechanics. Recently, this model has been shown to fit successfully…
We develop and evaluate tolerance interval methods for dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) that can provide more detailed prognostic information to patients who will follow an estimated optimal regime. Although the problem of constructing…
The number of new cancer cases is expected to increase by about 50% in the next 20 years, and the need for chemotherapy treatments will increase accordingly. Chemotherapy treatments are usually performed in outpatient cancer centers where…
A dynamic treatment regimen (DTR) is a pre-specified sequence of decision rules which maps baseline or time-varying measurements on an individual to a recommended intervention or set of interventions. Sequential multiple assignment…
We model the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells including a time delay to simulate the time needed by the latter to develop a chemical and cell mediated response to the presence of the tumor. The results are compared with…
Bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics through various mechanisms, with the specific mechanism depending on the drug-bacteria pair. It remains unclear, however, which resistance mechanism best supports favorable treatment outcomes,…
This paper presents a mathematical framework for optimizing drug delivery in cancer treatment using a nonlocal model of solid tumor growth. We present a coupled system of partial differential equations that incorporate long-range cellular…
The primary objective of Phase I oncology trials is to assess the safety and tolerability of novel therapeutics. Conventional dose escalation methods identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) based on dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). However,…
Sequential multiple assignment randomized trials (SMARTs) provide a systematic framework for constructing and evaluating dynamic treatment regimens (DTRs). In clinical studies, longitudinal biomarkers are routinely collected to monitor…
Aims: Combinations of treatments can offer additional benefit over the treatments individually. However, trials of these combinations are lower priority than the development of novel therapies, which can restrict funding, timelines and…
We consider the effects of parameter uncertainty on the optimal radiation schedule in the context of the linear-quadratic model. Our interest arises from the observation that if inter-patient variations in OAR and tumor sensitivities to…
The incidence of advanced renal cell carcinoma(RCC) has been rising, presenting significant challenges due to the limited efficacy and severe side effects of traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. While combination immunotherapies show…
In parametric Bayesian designs of early phase cancer clinical trials with drug combinations exploring a discrete set of partially ordered doses, several authors claimed that there is no added value in including an interaction term to model…
Clinical trials are an instrument for making informed decisions based on evidence from well-designed experiments. Here we consider adaptive designs mainly from the perspective of multi-arm Phase II clinical trials, in which one or more…
Dose-finding clinical trials in oncology aim to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a new drug, generally defined by the proportion of patients with short-term dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Model-based approaches for such phase…