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Optical flow estimation is a fundamental problem in computer vision, yet the reliance on expensive ground-truth annotations limits the scalability of supervised approaches. Although unsupervised and semi-supervised methods alleviate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yixuan Luo , Feng Qiao , Zhexiao Xiong , Yanjing Li , Nathan Jacobs

Despite recent progress in using Large Language Models (LLMs) for automatically generating 3D scenes, generated scenes often lack realistic spatial layouts and object attributes found in real-world environments. As this problem stems from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Gyeom Hwangbo , Hyungjoo Chae , Minseok Kang , Hyeonjong Ju , Soohyun Oh , Jinyoung Yeo

Experimental characterization of blood flow in living organisms is crucial for understanding the development and function of cardiovascular systems, but there have been no techniques reported for snapshot imaging of thick samples in large…

Collecting real-world data is often considered the bottleneck of Artificial Intelligence, stalling the research progress in several fields, one of which is camera localization. End-to-end camera localization methods are still outperformed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Daniel Coelho , Miguel Oliveira , Paulo Dias

Advances in diffusion, autoregressive, and hybrid models have enabled high-quality image synthesis for tasks such as text-to-image, editing, and reference-guided composition. Yet, existing benchmarks remain limited, either focus on isolated…

Machine learning approaches for fringe projection profilometry (FPP) are hindered by the lack of large, diverse datasets and standardized benchmarking protocols. This paper introduces the first open-source, photorealistic synthetic dataset…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Anush Lakshman S , Adam Haroon , Beiwen Li

Advances in imaging technology now provide us with detailed 3D data on gene expression patterns in developing embryos. This information can be used to build predictive mathematical models of embryogenesis. Current modelling approaches are,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-06-11 Britta Velten , Erkan Uenal , Dagmar Iber

Synthetic images rendered by graphics engines are a promising source for training deep networks. However, it is challenging to ensure that they can help train a network to perform well on real images, because a graphics-based generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Dawei Yang , Jia Deng

Despite significant recent progress in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), there are numerous shortcomings associated with collecting Electroencephalography (EEG) signals in real-world environments. These include, but are not…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-14 Nik Khadijah Nik Aznan , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Jason Connolly , Noura Al Moubayed , Toby Breckon

Electromyography (EMG)-based gesture recognition has emerged as a promising approach for human-computer interaction. However, its performance is often limited by the scarcity of labeled EMG data, significant cross-user variability, and poor…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Nana Wang , Gen Li , Pengfei Ren , Hao Su , Suli Wang

Identification of fine-grained embryo developmental stages during In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is crucial for assessing embryo viability. Although recent deep learning methods have achieved promising accuracy, existing discriminative models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yong Sun , Zhengjie Zhang , Junyu Shi , Zhiyuan Zhang , Lijiang Liu , Qiang Nie

Synthetic images generated from deep generative models have the potential to address data scarcity and data privacy issues. The selection of synthesis models is mostly based on image quality measurements, and most researchers favor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Xiaodan Xing , Federico Felder , Yang Nan , Giorgos Papanastasiou , Walsh Simon , Guang Yang

In silico, cell based approaches for modeling biological morphogenesis are used to test and validate our understanding of the biological and mechanical process that are at work during the growth and the organization of multi-cell tissues.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 Raphaël Conradin , Christophe Coreixas , Jonas Latt , Bastien Chopard

In many real-world scientific problems, generating ground truth (GT) for supervised learning is almost impossible. The causes include limitations imposed by scientific instrument, physical phenomenon itself, or the complexity of modeling.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Arif Ahmed Sekh , Ida S. Opstad , Rohit Agarwal , Asa Birna Birgisdottir , Truls Myrmel , Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia , Krishna Agarwal , Dilip K. Prasad

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in generating structured diagrams from natural language descriptions, particularly Mermaid sequence diagrams for software engineering. However, the lack of existing benchmarks to assess…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Basel Shbita , Farhan Ahmed , Chad DeLuca

Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of deep generative models for creating synthetic media, such as images and videos. While the practical applications of these models in everyday tasks are enticing, it is crucial to assess the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Mike Laszkiewicz , Imant Daunhawer , Julia E. Vogt , Asja Fischer , Johannes Lederer

Prenatal ultrasound imaging is the first-choice modality to assess fetal health. Medical image datasets for AI and ML methods must be diverse (i.e. diagnoses, diseases, pathologies, scanners, demographics, etc), however there are few public…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Michelle Iskandar , Harvey Mannering , Zhanxiang Sun , Jacqueline Matthew , Hamideh Kerdegari , Laura Peralta , Miguel Xochicale

Numerous Bayesian Network (BN) structure learning algorithms have been proposed in the literature over the past few decades. Each publication makes an empirical or theoretical case for the algorithm proposed in that publication and results…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Anthony C. Constantinou , Yang Liu , Kiattikun Chobtham , Zhigao Guo , Neville K. Kitson

In the last few years, we have witnessed the rise of a series of deep learning methods to generate synthetic images that look extremely realistic. These techniques prove useful in the movie industry and for artistic purposes. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Sara Mandelli , Nicolò Bonettini , Paolo Bestagini , Stefano Tubaro

The generation of high-fidelity synthetic data is a cornerstone of modern machine learning, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) frequently suffer from hallucinations, logical inconsistencies, and mode collapse when tasked with structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zehua Cheng , Wei Dai , Jiahao Sun , Thomas Lukasiewicz