Related papers: Multiscale inference for a multivariate density wi…
Current statistical inference problems in areas like astronomy, genomics, and marketing routinely involve the simultaneous testing of thousands -- even millions -- of null hypotheses. For high-dimensional multivariate distributions, these…
We present an algorithm capable of detecting diffuse, dim sources of any size in an astronomical image. These sources often defeat traditional methods for source finding, which expand regions around points of high intensity. Extended…
We consider the problem of density estimation in the context of multiscale Langevin diffusion processes, where a single-scale homogenized surrogate model can be derived. In particular, our aim is to learn the density of the invariant…
Objective detection of specific patterns in statistical distributions, like groupings or gaps or abrupt transitions between different subsets, is a task with a rich range of applications in astronomy: Milky Way stellar population analysis,…
Localization is a key requirement for mobile robot autonomy and human-robot interaction. Vision-based localization is accurate and flexible, however, it incurs a high computational burden which limits its application on many…
We propose to use a simple observable, the fractional area of "hot spots" in weak gravitational lensing mass maps which are detected with high significance, to determine background cosmological parameters. Because these high-convergence…
In the mean-median-mode triad of univariate centrality measures, the mode has been overlooked for estimating the center of symmetry in continuous and unimodal settings. This paper expands on the connection between kernel mode estimators and…
Analysis of spatial multivariate data, i.e., measurements at irregularly-spaced locations, is a challenging topic in visualization and statistics alike. Such data are integral to many domains, e.g., indicators of valuable minerals are…
Gravitational lensing directly measures mass density fluctuations along the lines of sight to very distant objects. No assumptions need to be made concerning bias, the ratio of fluctuations in galaxy density to mass density. Hence, lensing…
Intensity interferometry permits very long optical baselines and the observation of sub-milliarcsecond structures. Using planned kilometric arrays of air Cherenkov telescopes at short wavelengths, intensity interferometry may increase the…
The identification of peaks or maxima in probability densities, by mode testing or bump hunting, has become an important problem in applied fields. This task has been approached in the statistical literature from different perspectives,…
A new clustering accuracy measure is proposed to determine the unknown number of clusters and to assess the quality of clustering of a data set given in any dimensional space. Our validity index applies the classical nonparametric…
Strong gravitational lensing has emerged as a promising approach for probing dark matter models on sub-galactic scales. Recent work has proposed the subhalo effective density slope as a more reliable observable than the commonly used…
Inspired by edge detection based on the decay behavior of wavelet coefficients, we introduce a (near) linear-time algorithm for detecting the local regularity in non-uniformly sampled multivariate signals. Our approach quantifies regularity…
We apply four different mass modelling methods to a suite of publicly available mock data for spherical stellar systems. We focus on the recovery of the density and velocity anisotropy as a function of radius, using either line-of-sight…
We present a new approach to multi-frequency synthesis in radio astronomy. Using Bayesian inference techniques, the new technique estimates the sky brightness and the spectral index simultaneously. In principle, the bandwidth of a wide-band…
We discuss a new method which is potentially capable of constraining cosmological parameters using observations of giant luminous arcs in rich X-ray clusters of galaxies. The mass profile and the mass normalization of the lenses are…
As deeper observations discover increasingly distant galaxies, characterizing the properties of high-redshift galaxy populations will become increasingly challenging and paramount. We present a method for measuring the clustering bias of…
The lecture introduces a trous wavelet transforms, explains how to estimate the spatial density for galaxy distributions, and, finally, how to describe the morphology of cosmological density fields. An example application of these methods…
We lay the foundations for a new fast method to reconstruct the electron density in x-ray scanning applications using measurements in the dark field. This approach is applied to a type of machine configuration with fixed energy sensitive…