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Advances in reinforcement learning research have demonstrated the ways in which different agent-based models can learn how to optimally perform a task within a given environment. Reinforcement leaning solves unsupervised problems where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Herkulaas Combrink , Vukosi Marivate , Benjamin Rosman

We study a security threat to reinforcement learning where an attacker poisons the learning environment to force the agent into executing a target policy chosen by the attacker. As a victim, we consider RL agents whose objective is to find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Amin Rakhsha , Goran Radanovic , Rati Devidze , Xiaojin Zhu , Adish Singla

Many currently deployed Reinforcement Learning agents work in an environment shared with humans, be them co-workers, users or clients. It is desirable that these agents adjust to people's preferences, learn faster thanks to their help, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Hélène Plisnier , Denis Steckelmacher , Tim Brys , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé

Transfer learning significantly accelerates the reinforcement learning process by exploiting relevant knowledge from previous experiences. The problem of optimally selecting source policies during the learning process is of great importance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Siyuan Li , Chongjie Zhang

In order for humans to confidently decide where to employ RL agents for real-world tasks, a human developer must validate that the agent will perform well at test-time. Some policy interpretability methods facilitate this by capturing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Julius Frost , Olivia Watkins , Eric Weiner , Pieter Abbeel , Trevor Darrell , Bryan Plummer , Kate Saenko

Reinforcement learning systems will to a greater and greater extent make decisions that significantly impact the well-being of humans, and it is therefore essential that these systems make decisions that conform to our expectations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Tue Herlau

Reinforcement learning agents tend to develop habits that are effective only under specific policies. Following an initial exploration phase where agents try out different actions, they eventually converge onto a particular policy. As this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Miguel Suau , Matthijs T. J. Spaan , Frans A. Oliehoek

We consider tackling a single-agent RL problem by distributing it to $n$ learners. These learners, called advisors, endeavour to solve the problem from a different focus. Their advice, taking the form of action values, is then communicated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-16 Romain Laroche , Mehdi Fatemi , Joshua Romoff , Harm van Seijen

Efficient and robust policy transfer remains a key challenge for reinforcement learning to become viable for real-wold robotics. Policy transfer through warm initialization, imitation, or interacting over a large set of agents with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Girish Joshi , Girish Chowdhary

Nowadays, cooperative multi-agent systems are used to learn how to achieve goals in large-scale dynamic environments. However, learning in these environments is challenging: from the effect of search space size on learning time to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mahnoosh Mahdavimoghaddam , Amin Nikanjam , Monireh Abdoos

The ability to act in multiple environments and transfer previous knowledge to new situations can be considered a critical aspect of any intelligent agent. Towards this goal, we define a novel method of multitask and transfer learning that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-23 Emilio Parisotto , Jimmy Lei Ba , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Standard approaches to sequential decision-making exploit an agent's ability to continually interact with its environment and improve its control policy. However, due to safety, ethical, and practicality constraints, this type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Patrick Emedom-Nnamdi , Abram L. Friesen , Bobak Shahriari , Nando de Freitas , Matt W. Hoffman

When developing reinforcement learning agents, the standard approach is to train an agent to converge to a fixed policy that is as close to optimal as possible for a single fixed reward function. If different agent behaviour is required in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-29 David O'Callaghan , Patrick Mannion

Collective human knowledge has clearly benefited from the fact that innovations by individuals are taught to others through communication. Similar to human social groups, agents in distributed learning systems would likely benefit from…

Transfer learning (TL) is a promising way to improve the sample efficiency of reinforcement learning. However, how to efficiently transfer knowledge across tasks with different state-action spaces is investigated at an early stage. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Yu Chen , Yingfeng Chen , Zhipeng Hu , Tianpei Yang , Changjie Fan , Yang Yu , Jianye Hao

We study a security threat to reinforcement learning where an attacker poisons the learning environment to force the agent into executing a target policy chosen by the attacker. As a victim, we consider RL agents whose objective is to find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Amin Rakhsha , Goran Radanovic , Rati Devidze , Xiaojin Zhu , Adish Singla

Team adaptation to new cooperative tasks is a hallmark of human intelligence, which has yet to be fully realized in learning agents. Previous work on multi-agent transfer learning accommodate teams of different sizes, heavily relying on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Rongjun Qin , Feng Chen , Tonghan Wang , Lei Yuan , Xiaoran Wu , Zongzhang Zhang , Chongjie Zhang , Yang Yu

When labeled data is scarce for a specific target task, transfer learning often offers an effective solution by utilizing data from a related source task. However, when transferring knowledge from a less related source, it may inversely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Zirui Wang , Zihang Dai , Barnabás Póczos , Jaime Carbonell

A long-term goal of reinforcement learning agents is to be able to perform tasks in complex real-world scenarios. The use of external information is one way of scaling agents to more complex problems. However, there is a general lack of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Adam Bignold , Francisco Cruz , Matthew E. Taylor , Tim Brys , Richard Dazeley , Peter Vamplew , Cameron Foale

Reinforcement learning is a machine learning approach based on behavioral psychology. It is focused on learning agents that can acquire knowledge and learn to carry out new tasks by interacting with the environment. However, a problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Hugo Muñoz , Ernesto Portugal , Angel Ayala , Bruno Fernandes , Francisco Cruz