Related papers: Janus Points and Arrows of Time
We shortly review the construction of knowledge by intrinsic observers. Intrinsic observers are embedded in a system and are inseparable parts thereof. The intrinsic viewpoint has to be contrasted with an extrinsic, "God's eye" viewpoint,…
Graded modalities have been proposed in recent work on programming languages as a general framework for refining type systems with intensional properties. In particular, continuous endomaps of the discrete time scale, or time warps, can be…
In the understanding of the fundamental interactions, the origin of an arrow of time is viewed as problematic. However, quantum field theory has an arrow of causality, which tells us which time direction is the past lightcone and which is…
Pattern forming systems allow for a wealth of states, where wavelengths and orientation of patterns varies and defects disrupt patches of monocrystalline regions. Growth of patterns has long been recognized as a strong selection mechanism.…
The environment -- external or internal degrees of freedom coupled to the system -- can, in effect, monitor some of its observables. As a result, the eigenstates of these observables decohere and behave like classical states: Continuous…
This paper quantifies the interplay between the non-arbitrage notion of No-Unbounded-Profit-with-Bounded-Risk (NUPBR hereafter) and additional information generated by a random time. This study complements the one of…
The prescribed-time stabilization problem for a general class of nonlinear systems with unknown input gain and appended dynamics (with unmeasured state) is addressed. Unlike the asymptotic stabilization problem, the prescribed-time…
It is rigorously proved that quasilinear impulsive systems possess unpredictable solutions when a perturbation generated by an unpredictable sequence is applied. The existence, uniqueness, as well as asymptotic stability of such solutions…
We derive and analyze learning algorithms for apprenticeship learning, policy evaluation, and policy gradient for average reward criteria. Existing algorithms explicitly require an upper bound on the mixing time. In contrast, we build on…
It is proposed that the spatial (and temporal) patterns spontaneously appearing in dissipative systems maximize the energy flow through the pattern forming interface. In other words - the patterns maximize the entropy growth rate in an…
Physicists are increasingly beginning to take seriously the possibility of laws outside the traditional time-evolution paradigm; yet our understanding of determinism is still predicated on a forwards time-evolution picture, making it…
The irreversibility in a statistical system is traced to its probabilistic evolution, and the molecular chaos assumption is not its unique consequence as is commonly believed. Under the assumption that the rate of change of the each…
It is shown, that parity violation in quantum systems can be a natural result of their dynamical evolution. The corresponding (completely integrable) formalism is based on the use of quantum theory with complex time and non-Hermitian…
Based on the hypothesis that the thermodynamic arrow of time is an emergent phenomenon of quantum state complexity evolution, we further propose that the natural pace of time flow is proportional to the changing rate of quantum state…
In light of G\"{o}del's undecidability results (incomplete theorems) for math, quantum indeterminism indicates that physics and the Universe may be indeterministic, incomplete, and open in nature, and therefore demand no single unification…
Algorithmic Recourse (AR) aims to provide users with actionable steps to overturn unfavourable decisions made by machine learning predictors. However, these actions often take time to implement (e.g., getting a degree can take years), and…
Counterfactual explanations are a prominent example of post-hoc interpretability methods in the explainable Artificial Intelligence research domain. They provide individuals with alternative scenarios and a set of recommendations to achieve…
This paper addresses the classical problem of determining the set of possible states of a linear discrete-time system subject to bounded disturbances from measurements corrupted by bounded noise. These so-called uncertainty sets evolve with…
We summarize the arguments that space and time are likely to be emergent notions; i.e. they are not present in the fundamental formulation of the theory, but appear as approximate macroscopic concepts. Along the way we briefly review…
This paper studies a parametrized family of familiar generalized baker maps, viewed as simple models of time-reversible evolution. Mapping the unit square onto itself, the maps are partly contracting and partly expanding, but they preserve…