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Cities can be seen as the epitome of complex systems. They arise from a set of interactions and components so diverse that is almost impossible to describe them exhaustively. Amid this diversity, we chose an object which orchestrates the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-07 Claire Lagesse

This article focuses on the optimization of a complex system which is composed of several subsystems. On the one hand, these subsystems are subject to multiple objectives, local constraints as well as local variables, and they are…

To understand large, connected systems, we cannot only zoom into the details. We also need to see the large-scale features from afar. One way to take a step back and get the whole picture is to model the systems as a network. However, many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-26 Petter Holme , Jari Saramäki

The increasing interest in complex networks research has been a consequence of several intrinsic features of this area, such as the generality of the approach to represent and model virtually any discrete system, and the incorporation of…

The study of Complex Systems is considered by many to be a new scientific field, and is distinguished by being a discipline that has applications within many separate areas of scientific study. The study of Neural Networks, Traffic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jeffrey B. Smith

This paper explores the issues around the construction of large-scale complex systems which are built as 'systems of systems' and suggests that there are fundamental reasons, derived from the inherent complexity in these systems, why our…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-09-16 Ian Sommerville , Dave Cliff , Radu Calinescu , Justin Keen , Tim Kelly , Marta Kwiatkowska , John McDermid , Richard Paige

This paper presents an unusual view of interference wireless networks based on complex system thinking. To proceed with this analysis, a literature review of the different applications of complex systems is firstly presented to illustrate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-03-13 Pedro H. J. Nardelli , Paulo Cardieri , William A. Kretzschmar , Matti Latva-aho

Complex networks are frequently employed to model physical or virtual complex systems. When certain entities exist across multiple systems simultaneously, unveiling their corresponding relationships across the networks becomes crucial. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-16 Rui Tang , Ziyun Yong , Shuyu Jiang , Xingshu Chen , Yaofang Liu , Yi-Cheng Zhang , Gui-Quan Sun , Wei Wang

Traditional methods in educational research often fail to capture the complex and evolving nature of learning processes. This chapter examines the use of complex systems theory in education to address these limitations. The chapter covers…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Mohammed Saqr , Daryn Dever , Sonsoles López-Pernas , Christophe Gernigon , Gwen Marchand , Avi Kaplan

The current work discusses how complex networks can be applied in order to aid economical development and stability at several scales and contexts. The following activities are involved: (a) compilation of several types of data related to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Luciano da Fontoura Costa

A key element to understand complex systems is the relationship between the spatial scale of investigation and the structure of the interrelation among its elements. When it comes to economic systems, it is now well-known that the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-02-07 Dario Laudati , Manuel S. Mariani , Luciano Pietronero , Andrea Zaccaria

Complex network theory has been applied to solving practical problems from different domains. In this paper, we present a general framework for complex network applications. The keys of a successful application are a thorough understanding…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-22 Xiao Fan Liu , Chi Kong Tse

The methods are proposed for evaluation of complex dynamical systems, choice of their optimal operating modes, determination of optimal operating system from given class of equivalent systems, system's timeline behaviour analysis on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-03-04 Dmytro Polishchuk , Olexandr Polishchuk

In network science complex systems are represented as a mathematical graphs consisting of a set of nodes representing the components and a set of edges representing their interactions. The framework of networks has led to significant…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-04-07 Alexandre Bovet , Hernán A. Makse

The fundamental concept of applying the system methodology to network analysis declares that network architecture should take into account services and applications which this network provides and supports. This work introduces a formal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Andrey A. Shchurov

Corruption studies must evolve to match the complexity of the modern world. Here, we present three main problems in corruption analysis that need to be address: the complexity of the corruption phenomenon itself and its context, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-12-28 José R. Nicolás-Carlock , Issa Luna-Pla

Modular structure is pervasive in many complex networks of interactions observed in natural, social and technological sciences. Its study sheds light on the relation between the structure and function of complex systems. Generally speaking,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2010-05-10 Alex Arenas , Javier Borge-Holthoefer , Sergio Gomez , Gorka Zamora-Lopez

Transportation networks serve as windows into the complex world of urban systems. By properly characterizing a road network, we can therefore better understand its encompassing urban system. This study offers a geometrical approach towards…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-15 Farideddin Peiravian , Sybil Derrible

Many real-world networks are so large that we must simplify their structure before we can extract useful information about the systems they represent. As the tools for doing these simplifications proliferate within the network literature,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Rosvall , D. Axelsson , C. T. Bergstrom

This paper reviews the main network analysis methods used to measure structural power, which refers to the ability to shape outcomes through network position and influence, and the ability to affect others through network connections. These…