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Levenshtein first introduced the sequence reconstruction problem in $2001$. In the realm of combinatorics, the sequence reconstruction problem is equivalent to determining the value of $N(n,d,t)$, which represents the maximum size of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Xiang Wang , Weijun Fang , Han Li , Fang-Wei Fu

The high repair cost of (n,k) Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) erasure codes has recently motivated a new class of codes, called Regenerating Codes, that optimally trade off storage cost for repair bandwidth. On one end of this spectrum of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-19 Changho Suh , Kannan Ramchandran

The trace reconstruction problem studies the number of noisy samples needed to recover an unknown string $\boldsymbol{x}\in\{0,1\}^n$ with high probability, where the samples are independently obtained by passing $\boldsymbol{x}$ through a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Jin Sima , Jehoshua Bruck

Motivated by the sequence reconstruction problem initiated by Levenshtein, reconstruction codes were introduced by Cai \emph{et al}. to combat errors when a fixed number of noisy channels are available. The central problem on this topic is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Rongsheng Wu , Xiande Zhang

In recent years, the emergence of DNA storage systems has led to a widespread focus on the research of codes correcting insertions, deletions, and classic substitutions. During the initial investigation, Levenshtein discovered the VT codes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yuhang Pi , Zhifang Zhang

In this paper, we study how often unique decoding from $t$ insertions or $t$ deletions occurs for error correcting codes. Insertions and deletions frequently occur in synchronization problems and DNA, a medium which is beginning to be used…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-29 Kayvon Mazooji

The deletion channel takes as input a bit string $\mathbf{x} \in \{0,1\}^n$, and deletes each bit independently with probability $q$, yielding a shorter string. The trace reconstruction problem is to recover an unknown string $\mathbf{x}$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Yuval Peres , Alex Zhai

We consider the setting of data storage across n nodes in a distributed manner. A data collector (DC) should be able to reconstruct the entire data by connecting to any k out of the n nodes and downloading all the data stored in them. When…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-09-05 Nihar B. Shah , K. V. Rashmi , P. Vijay Kumar , Kannan Ramchandran

The insertion-deletion channel takes as input a bit string ${\bf x}\in\{0,1\}^{n}$, and outputs a string where bits have been deleted and inserted independently at random. The trace reconstruction problem is to recover $\bf x$ from many…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Nina Holden , Robin Pemantle , Yuval Peres , Alex Zhai

Maximum run-length limited codes are constraint codes used in communication and data storage systems. Insertion/deletion correcting codes correct insertion or deletion errors caused in transmitted sequences and are used for combating…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Reona Takemoto , Takayuki Nozaki

V. Levenshtein first proposed the sequence reconstruction problem in 2001. This problem studies the model where the same sequence from some set is transmitted over multiple channels, and the decoder receives the different outputs. Assume…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-08 Xiang Wang , Elena V. Konstantinova

We consider the problem of constructing binary codes to recover from $k$-bit deletions with efficient encoding/decoding, for a fixed $k$. The single deletion case is well understood, with the Varshamov-Tenengolts-Levenshtein code from 1965…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Samuel Zbarsky

Regenerating codes allow distributed storage systems to recover from the loss of a storage node while transmitting the minimum possible amount of data across the network. We present a systematic computer search for optimal systematic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-10-14 Daniel Cullina , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Tracey Ho

This paper gives a brief survey of binary single-deletion-correcting codes. The Varshamov-Tenengolts codes appear to be optimal, but many interesting unsolved problems remain. The connections with shift-register sequences also remain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-18 N. J. A. Sloane

Consider the task of locating an unknown target point using approximate distance queries: in each round, a reconstructor selects a query point and receives a noisy version of its distance to the target. This problem arises naturally in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Shay Moran , Elizaveta Nesterova

The general trace reconstruction problem seeks to recover an original sequence from its noisy copies independently corrupted by deletions, insertions, and substitutions. This problem arises in applications such as DNA data storage, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Franziska Weindel , Michael Girsch , Reinhard Heckel

Insertion-deletion codes (insdel codes for short) are used for correcting synchronization errors in communications, and in other many interesting fields such as DNA storage, date analysis, race-track memory error correction and language…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Qinqin Ji , Dabin Zheng , Hao Chen , Xiaoqiang Wang

Construction of capacity achieving deletion correcting codes has been a baffling challenge for decades. A recent breakthrough by Brakensiek $et~al$., alongside novel applications in DNA storage, have reignited the interest in this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Jin Sima , Netanel Raviv , Jehoshua Bruck

We study the problem of retrieving data from a channel that breaks the input sequence into a set of unordered fragments of random lengths, which we refer to as the chop-and-shuffle channel. The length of each fragment follows a geometric…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Sajjad Nassirpour , Ilan Shomorony , Alireza Vahid

In the beautifully simple-to-state problem of trace reconstruction, the goal is to reconstruct an unknown binary string $x$ given random "traces" of $x$ where each trace is generated by deleting each coordinate of $x$ independently with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Akshay Krishnamurthy , Arya Mazumdar , Andrew McGregor , Soumyabrata Pal