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We argue that, although Wittgenstein's reservations on Goedel's interpretation of his own formal reasoning are, indeed, of historical importance, the uneasiness that academicians and philosophers continue to sense, and express, over…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bhupinder Singh Anand

The aim of these notes is to provide a succinct, accessible introduction to some of the basic ideas of category theory and categorical logic. The notes are based on a lecture course given at Oxford over the past few years. They contain…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Samson Abramsky , Nikos Tzevelekos

These are lecture notes that arose from a representation theory course given by the first author to the remaining six authors in March 2004 within the framework of the Clay Mathematics Institute Research Academy for high school students,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2011-02-02 Pavel Etingof , Oleg Golberg , Sebastian Hensel , Tiankai Liu , Alex Schwendner , Dmitry Vaintrob , Elena Yudovina

This is an introduction to Grothendieck's descent theory, with some stress on the general machinery of fibered categories and stacks.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Angelo Vistoli

These notes reproduce the content of a short, 50-minutes, survey talk given at the Nice University in September, 2004. We added a few topics that have not been touched on in the lecture by lack of time.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. Kharlamov

Three variants of Kurt G\"odel's ontological argument, proposed by Dana Scott, C. Anthony Anderson and Melvin Fitting, are encoded and rigorously assessed on the computer. In contrast to Scott's version of G\"odel's argument the two…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Christoph Benzmüller , David Fuenmayor

Recent theologies concerning God's death after Auschwitz are mathematically formalized through a suitable temporalization of G\"{o}del's Ontological Proof.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2009-04-27 Gavriel Segre

The present notes are the expanded and polished version of three lectures given in Stanford, concerning the analytic and arithmetic properties of weight one modular forms. The author tried to write them in a style accessible to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-06-26 Denis Trotabas

This article focuses on the technique of postponing the application of the reduction ad absurdum rule (raa) in classical natural deduction. First, it is shown how this technique is connected with two normalization strategies for classical…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-10-26 Giulio Guerrieri , Alberto Naibo

This small overview of the General Theory is the kind of summary I would have liked to have read, before embarking in a comprehensive study of the General Theory at the time I was a student. As shown here, the main ideas are quite simple…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-08-28 Raul Rojas

G\"odel modal logics can be seen as extenions of intutionistic modal logics with the prelinearity axiom. In this paper we focus on the algebraic and relational semantics for G\"odel modal logics that leverages on the duality between finite…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Tommaso Flaminio , Lluis Godo , Paula Menchón , Ricardo O. Rodriguez

In this short note we give an alternative proof of Glivenko's Theorem, stating that a formula $\phi$ is provable in classical propositional logic if and only if $\neg\neg\phi$ is provable in intuitionistic propositional logic. We work in…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-10-27 Pedro Sánchez Terraf

These are lecture notes for a series of lectures given at the Les Houches Summer School on Integrability in Atomic and Condensed Matter Physics, 30 July to 24 August 2018. The same series of lectures has also been given at the Tokyo…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-10 Benjamin Doyon

In this paper, I outline some problems in the students' understanding of the explanation of recoil motion when introduced to them in the context of Newton's third law. I propose to explain the origin of recoil from a microscopic point of…

Physics Education · Physics 2014-01-03 Tarek A. Elsayed

These are lectures notes for the introductory graduate courses on geometric complexity theory (GCT) in the computer science department, the university of Chicago. Part I consists of the lecture notes for the course given by the first author…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-02 Ketan D. Mulmuley , Milind Sohoni

G{\"o}del's completeness theorem for classical first-order logic is one of the most basic theorems of logic. Central to any foundational course in logic, it connects the notion of valid formula to the notion of provable formula.We survey a…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-01-25 Hugo Herbelin , Danko Ilik

Extending and generalizing the approach of 2-sequents (Masini, 1992), we present sequent calculi for the classical modal logics in the K, D, T, S4 spectrum. The systems are presented in a uniform way-different logics are obtained by tuning…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Simone Martini , Andrea Masini , Margherita Zorzi

These are lecture notes for a course I gave in mid-1990s for MSc students at the University of Bath. It presents an algorithm with singly exponential complexity for the existential theory of the reals, in the spirit of J. Renegar. The aim…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-12-02 Nicolai Vorobjov

Consider the following story: A teacher announces to her students a test for the following week, such that the test will be ``surprising''. The students use this as the basis for a ``logical derivation'' and reach a contradiction, which…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Martin Dietzfelbinger

Here I share a few notes I used in various course lectures, talks, etc. Some may be just calculations that in the textbooks are more complicated, scattered, or less specific; others may be simple observations I found useful or curious.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Leonid A. Levin
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