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We define the functionality of delegated pseudo-secret random qubit generator (PSRQG), where a classical client can instruct the preparation of a sequence of random qubits at some distant party. Their classical description is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Alexandru Cojocaru , Léo Colisson , Elham Kashefi , Petros Wallden

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows a client with limited quantum power to delegate his quantum computational task to a powerful server and still keep his input, output, and algorithm private. There are mainly two kinds of models about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-19 Qunfeng Dai , Junyu Quan , Xiaoping Lou , Qin Li

We present the first leveled fully homomorphic encryption scheme for quantum circuits with classical keys. The scheme allows a classical client to blindly delegate a quantum computation to a quantum server: an honest server is able to run…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

In blind quantum computation (BQC), a client delegates her quantum computation to a server with universal quantum computers who learns nothing about the client's private information. In measurement-based BQC model, entangled states are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-27 Xiaoqian Zhang , Weiqi Luo , Guoqiang Zeng , Jian Weng , Yaxi Yang , Minrong Chen , Xiaoqing Tan

Blindness is a desirable feature in delegated computation. In the classical setting, blind computations protect the data or even the program run by a server. In the quantum regime, blind computing may also enable testing computational or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-15 Minh Cong Tran , Jacob M. Taylor

We discuss how blind quantum computing generalizes to multi-level quantum systems (qudits), which offers advantages compared to the qubit approach. Here, a quantum computing task is delegated to an untrusted server while simultaneously…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Alena Romanova , Wolfgang Dür

Blind quantum computation protocols allow a user with limited quantum technology to delegate an intractable computation to a quantum server while keeping the computation perfectly secret. Whereas in some protocols a user can verify that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-04 Kentaro Honda

We give a protocol for the delegation of quantum computation on encrypted data. More specifically, we show that in a client-server scenario, where the client holds the encryption key for an encrypted quantum register held by the server, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Anne Broadbent

Quantum computing has seen tremendous progress in the past years. However, due to limitations in scalability of quantum technologies, it seems that we are far from constructing universal quantum computers for everyday users. A more feasible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-17 Elham Kashefi , Anna Pappa

Blind Quantum Computation lets a limited-capability client delegate its complex computation to a remote server without revealing its data or computation. Several such protocols have been proposed under varied quantum computing models.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Mohit Joshi , Manoj Kumar Mishra , S. Karthikeyan

The engineering challenges involved in building large scale quantum computers, and the associated infrastructure requirements, mean that when such devices become available it is likely that this will be in limited numbers and in limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-30 Monireh Houshmand , Mahboobeh Houshmand , Si-Hui Tan , Joseph Fitzsimons

Secure delegated quantum computing allows a computationally weak client to outsource an arbitrary quantum computation to an untrusted quantum server in a privacy-preserving manner. One of the promising candidates to achieve classical…

The ability to perform computations on encrypted data is a powerful tool for protecting privacy. Recently, protocols to achieve this on classical computing systems have been found. Here we present an efficient solution to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-05 K. Fisher , A. Broadbent , L. K. Shalm , Z. Yan , J. Lavoie , R. Prevedel , T. Jennewein , K. J. Resch

Blind quantum computing allows for secure cloud networks of quasi-classical clients and a fully fledged quantum server. Recently, a new protocol has been proposed, which requires a client to perform only measurements. We demonstrate a…

Delegated quantum computing (DQC) allows clients with low quantum capabilities to outsource computations to a server hosting a quantum computer. This process is often envisioned within the measurement-based quantum computing framework, as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Fabian Wiesner , Jens Eisert , Anna Pappa

A long-standing question is whether it is possible to delegate computational tasks securely. Recently, both a classical and a quantum solution to this problem were found. Here, we study the interplay of classical and quantum approaches and…

We propose a new concept, oblivious quantum computation, which requires performing oblivious transfer with respect to the computation outcome of the quantum computation, where the secrecy of the input qubits and the program to identify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-12 Masahito Hayashi

While building a universal quantum computer remains challenging, devices of restricted power such as the so-called one pure qubit model have attracted considerable attention. An important step in the construction of these limited quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-10 Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi , Animesh Datta

Quantum computers promise not only to outperform classical machines for certain important tasks, but also to preserve privacy of computation. For example, the blind quantum computing protocol enables secure delegated quantum computation,…

Quantum learning models hold the potential to bring computational advantages over the classical realm. As powerful quantum servers become available on the cloud, ensuring the protection of clients' private data becomes crucial. By…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 Weikang Li , Dong-Ling Deng