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The classical bound on image resolution defined by the Rayleigh limit can be beaten by exploiting the properties of quantum mechanical entanglement. If entangled photons are used as signal states, the best possible resolution is instead…
We summarise important recent advances in quantum metrology, in connection to experiments in cold gases, trapped cold atoms and photons. First we review simple metrological setups, such as quantum metrology with spin squeezed states, with…
Optimal measurement scheme with an efficient data processing is important in quantum-enhanced interferometry. Here we prove that for a general binary outcome measurement, the simplest data processing based on inverting the average signal…
The understanding of far-field thermal radiation had directly led to the discovery of quantum mechanics a century ago, and is of great current practical importance for applications in energy conversions, radiative cooling, and thermal…
Sensor selection is a useful method to help reduce data throughput, as well as computational, power, and hardware requirements, while still maintaining acceptable performance. Although minimizing the Cram\'er-Rao bound has been adopted…
Fundamental understanding of biological pathways requires minimally invasive nanoscopic optical resolution imaging. Many approaches to high-resolution imaging rely on localization of single emitters, such as fluorescent molecule or quantum…
We introduce a general framework for thermometry based on collisional models, where ancillas probe the temperature of the environment through an intermediary system. This allows for the generation of correlated ancillas even if they are…
We investigate the resolution for imaging two pointlike entangled sources by using the method of the moments and the spatial-mode demultiplexing (SPADE), where the pointlike entangled sources can be generated by injecting single-mode…
It is thought that schemes for quantum imaging are fragile against realistic environments in which the background noise is often stronger than the nonclassical signal of the imaging photons. Unfortunately, it is unfeasible to produce…
High-dimensional Hilbert spaces possess large information encoding and transmission capabilities. Characterizing exactly the real potential of high-dimensional entangled systems is a cornerstone of tomography and quantum imaging. The…
Loss measurements are at the base of spectroscopy and imaging, thus perme- ating all the branches of science, from chemistry and biology to physics and material science. However, quantum mechanics laws set the ultimate limit to the…
Photon detection with quantum-level sensitivity is particularly challenging in the terahertz regime (0.1-10 THz), which contains ~98% of all the photons existing in the universe. Near-quantum-limited terahertz spectrometry has so far only…
Estimating the angular separation between two incoherently radiating monochromatic point sources is a canonical toy problem to quantify spatial resolution in imaging. In recent work, Tsang {\em et al.} showed, using a Fisher Information…
A wide variety of imaging systems have been designed to measure phase variations, with applications from physics to biology and medicine. In this work, we theoretically compare the precision of phase estimations achievable with classical…
Diffraction of light sets the fundamental limit for optical lithography. Many quantum lithography schemes have so far been proposed to overcome this limit either by making use of highly entangled photons, multi-photon processes or multiple…
Quantum-optimal discrimination between one and two closely separated light sources can be achieved by ideal spatial-mode demultiplexing, simply monitoring whether a photon is detected in a single antisymmetric mode. However, we show that…
Quantum-enhanced phase estimation paves the way to ultra-precision sensing and is of great realistic significance. In this paper we investigate theoretically the estimation of a second-order nonlinear phase shift using a coherent state and…
Interferometric imaging is an emerging technique for particle tracking and mass photometry. Mass or position are estimated from weak signals, coherently scattered from nanoparticles or single molecules, and interfered with a co-propagating…
Spatially resolving two incoherent point sources whose separation is well below the diffraction limit dictated by classical optics has recently been shown possible using techniques that decompose the incoming radiation into orthogonal…
In this work quantum electrodynamics at T > 0 is considered. For this purpose we use thermo field dynamics and the causal approach to quantum field theory according to Epstein and Glaser, the latter being a rigorous method to avoid the…