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For trace gas sensing and precision spectroscopy, optical cavities incorporating low-loss mirrors are indispensable for path length and optical intensity enhancement. Optical interference coatings in the visible and near-infrared (NIR)…

We present high-reflectivity substrate-transferred single-crystal GaAs/AlGaAs interference coatings at a center wavelength of 4.54 um with record-low excess optical loss below 10 parts per million. These high-performance mirrors are…

The sensitivity of 2nd and 3rd generations of interferometric gravitational wave detectors will be limited by thermal noise of the test-mass mirrors and highly reflective coatings. Recently developed crystalline coatings show a promising…

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique employed for a variety of applications, including gas sensing, industrial inspection, astronomy, surveillance, and imaging. Thin-film narrowband interference filters, targeted to…

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy is a crucial workhorse for a plethora of analytical applications and is suitable for diverse materials, including gases, polymers or biological tissue. However, this technologically significant wavelength…

Optics · Physics 2022-02-23 Paul Kaufmann , Helen M. Chrzanowski , Aron Vanselow , Sven Ramelow

We report on the development of low-loss ion-beam-sputtered (IBS) mid-infrared coatings for hybrid supermirrors. Two highly reflective designs were realized: HR1, a 4-period a-Si/SiO$_2$ DBR with an Al$_2$O$_3$ bonding layer, and HR2, a…

Broadband mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy applications could greatly benefit from today's well-developed, highly scalable silicon photonics technology; however, this platform lacks broadband transparency due to its reliance on absorptive…

In this Perspective we summarize the status of technological development for large-area and low-noise substrate-transferred GaAs/AlGaAs (AlGaAs) crystalline coatings for interferometric gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. These topics were…

Pinhole imaging is the most primitive and simplest lensless imaging paradigm, capable of transcending the physical limitations of conventional lens optics. This modality is particularly attractive for accessing a virtually infinite depth of…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-25 Yanan Li , Kun Huang , Jianan Fang , Zhuohang Wei , Heping Zeng

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectral imaging enables precise target identification and analysis by capturing rich chemical fingerprints, which calls for high-sensitivity broadband MIR imagers at room temperature. Here, we devise and implement a…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-26 Yue Song , Jianan Fang , Wen Zhang , Yijing Li , Ben Sun , Zhiwei Jia , Kun Huang , Heping Zeng

High-order edge-enhanced imaging enables precise feature localization and effective background suppression, offering a powerful tool for real-time recognition and high-contrast visualization. Extending this capability to the mid-infrared…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-14 Jixi Zhang , Kun Huang , Shina Liao , Zhuohang Wei , Jianan Fang , Heping Zeng

Rapid advances in metamaterial technology are enabling the engineering of wave-matter interactions heretofore not realized and functionalities with potentially far-reaching implications for major challenges in the fields of energy…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Mahdi Safari , Nazir P. Kherani , George V. Eleftheriades

A cavity ringdown system for probing the spatial variation of optical loss across high-reflectivity mirrors is described. This system is employed to examine substrate-transferred crystalline supermirrors and quantify the effect of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-07-24 Gar-Wing Truong , Georg Winkler , Tobias Zederbauer , Dominic Bachmann , Paula Heu , David Follman , Mark White , Oliver Heckl , Garrett Cole

Thermodynamically induced length fluctuations of high-reflectivity mirror coatings put a fundamental limit on sensitivity and stability of precision optical interferometers like gravitational wave detectors and ultra-stable lasers. The main…

Expanding far beyond traditional applications in optical interconnects at telecommunications wavelengths, the silicon nanophotonic integrated circuit platform has recently proven its merits for working with mid-infrared (mid-IR) optical…

Thermally induced fluctuations impose a fundamental limit on precision measurement. In optical interferometry, the current bounds of stability and sensitivity are dictated by the excess mechanical damping of the high-reflectivity coatings…

Optics · Physics 2014-04-17 Garrett D. Cole , Wei Zhang , Michael J. Martin , Jun Ye , Markus Aspelmeyer

The large transparency window of silicon, covering the 1.1 um 8 um wavelength range, makes it a promising platform for the implementation of photothermal-based absorption spectrometers. These devices indirectly sense absorption in the…

Multimode interference reflectors (MIRs) were recently introduced as a new type of photonic integrated devices for on-chip, broadband light reflection. In the original proposal, different MIRs were demonstrated based on total internal…

Optics · Physics 2015-07-30 Javier S. Fandiño , José D. Doménech , Pascual Muñoz

High-speed mid-infrared (MIR) videography constitutes an enabling tool to monitor and analyze various dynamics in scientific research and industrial applications, such as combustion diagnostics, explosion reactions, photosynthetic tracking,…

Optics · Physics 2026-05-28 Ruiyang Qin , Kun Huang , Min Peng , Jianan Fang , Ben Sun , Zhengru Guo , Heping Zeng

Semiconductor lasers with ultra-low thresholds and minimal footprints are a topic of active research. Such devices require a combination of high quality factor laser cavities with small active region volumes, which drives the quest for…

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