Related papers: Correlations and fluctuations of pions at the LHC
It is shown that large chemical potential leads to the significant increase of multiplicity fluctuations for bosons, and makes the fluctuations infinite in the case of Bose-Einstein condensation. It allows to distinguish between the models…
The indications of a possible pion condensation at the LHC are summarized. The condensation is predicted by the non-equilibrium hadronization model for 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC. The model solves the proton/pion puzzle and…
Particle number fluctuations are studied in the ideal pion gas approaching Bose-Einstein condensation. Two different cases are considered: Bose condensation of pions at large charge densities $\rho_Q$ and Bose condensation at large total…
Local fluctuations of pion density in momentum space may lead to Bose-Einstein condensation. Conditions for this phenomenon to occur in in high-energy collisions and possibilities of its experimental investigation are discussed.
The effect of Bose-Einstein correlations on multiplicity distributions of identical pions is discussed. It is found that these correlations affect significantly the observed multiplicity distributions, but Einstein's condensation is…
We analyse in detail the possibility of Bose-Einstein condensation of pions produced in heavy-ion collisions at the beam energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV. Our approach is based on the chemical non-equilibrium thermal model of hadron…
We present microcanonical ensemble calculations of particle number fluctuations in the ideal pion gas approaching Bose-Einstein condensation. In the samples of events with a fixed number of all pions, $N_{\pi}$, one may observe a prominent…
The influence of the HBT effect on the momentum spectra of independently produced pions is studied using the method developed earlier for discussion of multiplicity distributions. It is shown that in this case all the spectra and…
This article gives a rigorous analysis of the fluctuations of the Bose-Einstein condensate for a system of non-interacting bosons in an arbitrary potential, assuming that the system is governed by the canonical ensemble. As a result of the…
The fluctuations of a number of particles in the Bose-Einstein condensate are studied in the grand canonical ensemble with an effective single-mode Hamiltonian, which is derived from an assumption that the mode corresponding to the…
The density of the Bose-Einstein condensate for non-interacting pions in a cubic box, at given temperature and (average) total pion density, is calculaated for three sets of boundary conditions. The densities are much larger than predicted…
We review the properties of chaoticity and coherence in Bose-Einstein condensation and correlations, for a dense boson system in its mean-field represented approximately by a harmonic oscillator potential. The order parameter and the nature…
Any-order pion interferometry formulas for fixed pion multiplicity events and for mixed events are given. Multipion Bose-Einstein correlation effects on the two-pion interferometry and source distribution are studied. It is shown that…
Partition functions, multiplicity distributions, and isospin fluctuations are calculated for canonical ensembles in which additive quantum numbers as well as total isospin are strictly conserved. When properly accounting for Bose-Einstein…
We propose that impurities in Bose-Einstein condensates can serve as a minimal laboratory system to explore the effects of quantum and thermal fluctuations on solvation. Specifically, we show that the role of quantum fluctuations in the…
We report temperature-dependent switching between lower and upper polariton condensation in a GaAs/AlGaAs microcavity when both of these species have comparable populations in a mixture. Using angle-resolved photoluminescence, we observe…
We report on the measurement of the momentum distribution of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate. A broadening of the distribution with increasing temperature is observed, which is clear evidence for phase fluctuations in the sample.
A study on the Bose-Einstein correlations for triplets of same-sign pions is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, recorded by the LHCb experiment,…
The independent participant model is generalized for skewness and kurtosis. The obtained relations allow to calculate the fluctuations of an arbitrarily high order. From the comparison with the SPS and the LHC data it is found that the…
The problem of particle fluctuations in arbitrary nonuniform systems with Bose-Einstein condensate is considered. This includes the case of trapped Bose atoms. It is shown that the correct description of particle fluctuations for any…