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When 5G began its commercialisation journey around 2020, the discussion on the vision of 6G also surfaced. Researchers expect 6G to have higher bandwidth, coverage, reliability, energy efficiency, lower latency, and an integrated…
The mobile communication system has transformed to be the fundamental infrastructure to support digital demands from all industry sectors, and 6G is envisioned to go far beyond the communication-only purpose. There is coming to a consensus…
The commercial launch of 6G communications systems and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, UN SDGs, are both targeted for 2030. 6G communications is expected to boost global growth and productivity, create new business models and…
With the explosive growth of mobile data demand, the fifth generation (5G) mobile network would exploit the enormous amount of spectrum in the millimeter wave (mmWave) bands to greatly increase communication capacity. There are fundamental…
The fifth generation (5G) cellular communication system will have several advanced features, majority of which will come into existence for the first time. According to the ITU recommendations, 5G will provide minimum 3 GB/s end to end data…
The fifth generation (5G) wireless network technology is to be standardized by 2020, where main goals are to improve capacity, reliability, and energy efficiency, while reducing latency and massively increasing connection density. An…
Broadband access is key to ensuring robust economic development and improving quality of life. Unfortunately, the communication infrastructure deployed in rural areas throughout the world lags behind its urban counterparts due to low…
Providing connectivity to around half of the World population living in rural or underprivileged areas is a tremendous challenge, but also a unique opportunity. In this paper, a survey of technologies for providing connectivity to rural…
To cope with the growing demand for wireless data and to extend service coverage, future 5G networks will increasingly rely on the use of low powered nodes to support massive connectivity in diverse set of applications and services [1]. To…
Sixth-generation (6G) networks are evolving towards new features and order-of-magnitude enhancement of systematic performance metrics compared to the current 5G. In particular, the 6G networks are expected to achieve extreme connectivity…
The stringent requirements of a 1,000 times increase in data traffic and one millisecond round trip latency have made limiting the potentially tremendous ensuing energy consumption one of the most challenging problems for the design of the…
Public safety operations require fast and reliable mission critical communications under various scenarios, in which the availability of wireless connectivity can be a question of life or death. To provide connectivity when and where it…
As discussions around 6G begin, it is important to carefully quantify the spectral efficiency gains actually realized by deployed 5G networks as compared to 4G through various enhancements such as higher modulation, beamforming, and MIMO.…
The security requirements for future 6G mobile networks are anticipated to be significantly more complex and demanding than those of 5G. This increase stems from several factors: the proliferation of massive machine-type communications will…
The increasing demands for highly individual products as well as for flexible production lines represent new challenges. To address these demands, future plants must be highly flexible and dynamically reconfigurable. Current systems are…
Future 5G services are characterised by unprecedented need for high rate, ubiquitous availability, ultra-low latency and high reliability. The fragmented network view that is widespread in current networks will not stand the challenge posed…
Researchers are now focusing on 6G as a new network technology that will bring significant gains over the previous generations while many sectors are still implementing the 5G network in their business processes and operations. Meanwhile,…
The 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) completed the first global 5th generation (5G) new radio (NR) standard in its Release 15, paving the way for making 5G a commercial reality. So, what is next in NR evolution to further expand…
While the 5G cellular system is being deployed worldwide, researchers have started the investigation of the 6G mobile communication networks. Although the essential requirements and key usage scenarios of 6G are yet to be defined, it is…
With the commercial launch of 5G technologies and fast pace of expansion of cellular network infrastructure, it is expected that cellular and mobile networks traffic will exponentially increase. In addition, new services are expected to…