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In these lectures, we review the main properties of the topological theory obtained by twisting the N=2 two-dimensional superconformal algebra, associated to supersymmetric string compactifications. In particular, we describe a set of…
In this paper, we study the effective dimension of points in infinite fractal trees generated recursively by a finite tree over some alphabet. Using unequal costs coding, we associate a length function with each such fractal tree and show…
For small perturbations of Minkowski space, we show that the square of the Lorentzian Dirac operator $P= -D^2$ has real spectrum apart from possible poles in a horizontal strip. Furthermore, for $\varepsilon>0$ we relate the poles of the…
Whittaker functions are special functions that arise in $p$-adic number theory and representation theory. They may be defined on representations of reductive groups as well as their metaplectic covering groups: fascinatingly, many of their…
We review explicitly known exact $D=4$ solutions with Minkowski signature in closed bosonic string theory. Classical string solutions with space-time interpretation are represented by conformal sigma models. Two large (intersecting) classes…
The local structure of a fractal set is described by its dimension $D$, which is the exponent of a power-law relating the mass ${\cal N}$ in a ball to its radius $\epsilon$: ${\cal N}\sim \epsilon^D$. It is desirable to characterise the…
In this second part of the paper, dedicated to theories with extra dimensions, a new physical notion about the "tensor length scale" is introduced, based on the gravitational theories with covariant and contravariant metric tensor…
String theory, if it describes nature, is probably strongly coupled. In light of recent developments in string duality, this means that the ``real world'' should correspond to a region of the classical moduli space which admits no weak…
Complex particle is a kind of bilocal particle having unexpected symmetry, which was proposed by the authour. In the present paper, we show that critical dimension of the complex particle in Minkowski spacetime is $D = 4$, while $D = 2, 4$…
We study several fractal properties of the Weierstrass-type function \[ W(x)=\sum_{n=0} ^\infty \lambda (x) \lambda(\tau x) \cdots \lambda (\tau ^{n-1}x)\, g(\tau ^n x), \] where $\tau :[0,1)\to[0,1)$ is a cookie cutter map with possibly…
Fractal is an intriguing geometry with self-similarity and non-integer dimensions, the elastic-wave topological phase based on fractal structures has not been revealed up to now. In this work, elastic-wave higher-order topological states in…
By investigating the critical behavior appearing at the extremal limit of the non-dilatonic, black p-branes in (d+p) dimensions, we find that some critical exponents related to the critical point obey the scaling laws. From the scaling laws…
The differential structure on the kappa-Minkowski spacetime from Jordanian twist of Weyl algebra is constructed, and it is shown to be closed in 4-dimensions in contrast to the conventional formulation. Based on this differential structure,…
We consider a class of integrable quantum field theories in 1+1 dimensions whose classical equations have kink solutions with internal collective coordinates that transform under a non-abelian symmetry group. These generalised sine-Gordon…
We use persistent homology in order to define a family of fractal dimensions, denoted $\mathrm{dim}_{\mathrm{PH}}^i(\mu)$ for each homological dimension $i\ge 0$, assigned to a probability measure $\mu$ on a metric space. The case of…
In this paper we have defined one function that has been used to construct different fractals having fractal dimensions between 1.58 and 2. Also, we tried to calculate the amount of increment of fractal dimension in accordance with the base…
Special multi-cosmic string metrics are analytically extended to describe configurations of Wheeler-Misner wormholes and ordinary cosmic strings. I investigate in detail the case of flat, asymptotically Minkowskian, Wheeler-Misner wormhole…
Fractal percolation exhibits a dramatic topological phase transition, changing abruptly from a dust-like set to a system spanning cluster. The transition points are unknown and difficult to estimate. In many classical percolation models the…
The main goal of this paper is to give a complete fractal analysis of piecewise smooth (PWS) slow-fast Li\'{e}nard equations. For the analysis, we use the notion of Minkowski dimension of one-dimensional orbits generated by slow relation…
We consider a generalization of the Nielsen-Olesen ansatz, in an abelian-Higgs model with externally coupled charge, which describes strings with twisted magnetic flux lines in the vortex core. The solution does not possess cylindrical…