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How does a smooth cosmic distance ladder emerge from observations made from a single location in a lumpy Universe? Distances to Type Ia supernovae in the Hubble flow are anchored on local distance measurements to sources that are very…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-24 Obinna Umeh

We combine a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation with simple analytic recipes describing the absorption and re-emission of starlight by dust in the interstellar medium of galaxies. We use the resulting models to predict galaxy counts…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 R. S. Somerville , R. C. Gilmore , J. R. Primack , A. Dominguez

We phenomenologically derive a cosmological model that includes both a cosmological constant term $\Lambda/3$ and a dissipative driving term $\beta (2 H^{2} + \dot{H})$ by applying both the first law of thermodynamics and an effective…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-30 Nobuyoshi Komatsu

We report on measurements of the cosmological constant, Lambda, and the redshift space distortion parameter beta=Omega_m^0.6/b, based on an analysis of the QSO power spectrum parallel and perpendicular to the observer's line of sight, from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. J. Outram , T. Shanks , B. J. Boyle , S. M. Croom , Fiona Hoyle , N. S. Loaring , L. Miller , R. J. Smith

We apply our tetrad-based approach for constructing spherically-symmetric solutions in general relativity to modelling a void, and compare it with the standard Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) formalism. In particular, we construct models for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-31 Do Young Kim , Anthony N. Lasenby , Michael P. Hobson

A major issue in contemporary cosmology is the persistent discrepancy, known as the Hubble tension, between the Hubble constant ($H_0$) estimates from local measurements and those inferred from early-Universe observations under the standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-29 Surajit Kalita , Akhil Uniyal , Tomasz Bulik , Yosuke Mizuno

We investigate the distance-redshift relation in a realistic inhomogeneous universe where the mass distribution is described by the mass function of Sheth and Tormen. It is found that the derived distance deviates systematically from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-19 Tomohiro Okamura , Toshifumi Futamase

Galaxy redshift surveys provide a distorted picture of the universe due to the non-Hubble component of galaxy motions. By measuring such distortions in the linear regime one can constrain the quantity $\beta = \Omega^{0.6}/b$ where $\Omega$…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Loveday , G. Efstathiou , S. J. Maddox , B. A. Peterson

In the present work, we apply consistency relation tests to several cosmological models, including the flat and non-flat $\Lambda$CDM models, as well as the flat XCDM model. The analysis uses a non-parametric Gaussian Processes method to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-20 J. F. Jesus , A. A. Escobal , R. Valentim , S. H. Pereira

Lema\^{i}tre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solutions have traditionally been confined to systems with no pressure in which the gravity is due to massive dust, but the solutions are little changed in form if, as in cosmology, the pressure is uniform in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-07 Donald Lynden-Bell , Jiří Bičák

We analyse an inhomogeneous cosmological model featuring a spherically symmetric bubble solution induced by a unified single perfect fluid, comprising spatially dependent Dark Energy (with $w=-1$) and Dark Matter (with $w=0$) components. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-15 D. Comelli

In the context of the Relativistic Quantum Geometry formalism, where the cosmological constant is promoted to a dynamical variable by attributing it a geometric interpretation as a result of a flux on the boundary of a manifold and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-15 Juan Ignacio Musmarra , Claudia Moreno , Rafael Hernández-Jiménez

Do current observational data confirm the assumptions of the cosmological principle, or is there statistical evidence for deviations from spatial homogeneity on large scales? To address these questions, we developed a flexible framework…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-22 Matthias Redlich , Krzysztof Bolejko , Sven Meyer , Geraint F. Lewis , Matthias Bartelmann

As an alternative to dark energy that explains the observed acceleration of the universe, it has been suggested that we may be at the center of an inhomogeneous isotropic universe described by a Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solution of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-04 Antonio Enea Romano , Misao Sasaki

We investigate the running cosmological constant model with dark energy linearly proportional to the Hubble parameter, $\Lambda = \sigma H + \Lambda_0$, in which the $\Lambda$CDM limit is recovered by taking $\sigma=0$. We derive the linear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-22 Chao-Qiang Geng , Chung-Chi Lee , Kaituo Zhang

The Hubble constant problem is that the values of Hubble constant from the observation of cosmic microwave background assuming the LambdaCDM model disagrees with the values from direct measurements. This problem suggests some new physics…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-17 Noriaki Kitazawa

The homogeneous, isotropic, and flat $\Lambda$CDM universe favored by observations of the cosmic microwave background can be described using only Euclidean geometry, locally correct Newtonian mechanics, and the basic postulates of special…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 J. J. Condon , A. M. Matthews

Analytic expressions for distance-redshift relations which have been corrected for the effects of inhomogeneities in the Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) mass density are given in terms of Heun functions and are used to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 R. Kantowski

We consider the redshift drift and position drift associated with astrophysical sources in a formalism that is suitable for describing emitters and observers of light in an arbitrary spacetime geometry, while identifying emitters of a given…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-09 Sofie Marie Koksbang , Asta Heinesen

The redshift-distance modulus relation, the Hubble Diagram, derived from Cosmological General Relativity has been extended to arbitrarily large redshifts. Numerical methods were employed and a density function was found that results in a…

General Physics · Physics 2008-10-03 John G. Hartnett
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