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We investigate the convergence properties of the EM algorithm when applied to overspecified Gaussian mixture models -- that is, when the number of components in the fitted model exceeds that of the true underlying distribution. Focusing on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-16 Zhenisbek Assylbekov , Alan Legg , Artur Pak

We consider a mixed variational formulation recently proposed for the coupling of the Brinkman--Forchheimer and Darcy equations and develop the first reliable and efficient residual-based a posteriori error estimator for the 2D version of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Sergio Caucao , Paulo Zúñiga

We consider a semiparametric mixture of two univariate density functions where one of them is known while the weight and the other function are unknown. Such mixtures have a history of application to the problem of detecting differentially…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Zhou Shen , Michael Levine , Zuofeng Shang

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm has been predominantly used to approximate the maximum likelihood estimation of the location-scale Gaussian mixtures. However, when the models are over-specified, namely, the chosen number of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-24 Tongzheng Ren , Fuheng Cui , Sujay Sanghavi , Nhat Ho

The Laplace approximation calls for the computation of second derivatives at the likelihood maximum. When the maximum is found by the EM-algorithm, there is a convenient way to compute these derivatives. The likelihood gradient can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-27 Niko Brümmer

In this paper we study the computation of the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (NPMLE) in multivariate mixture models. Our first approach discretizes this infinite dimensional convex optimization problem by fixing the support…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-20 Yangjing Zhang , Ying Cui , Bodhisattva Sen , Kim-Chuan Toh

In this paper, a modification of the conventional approximations to the quasi-maximum likelihood method is introduced for the parameter estimation of diffusion processes from discrete observations. This is based on a convergent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-12-19 J. C. Jimenez

Estimating mutual information between continuous random variables is often intractable and extremely challenging for high-dimensional data. Recent progress has leveraged neural networks to optimize variational lower bounds on mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ruizhi Liao , Daniel Moyer , Polina Golland , William M. Wells

In various practical situations, we encounter data from stochastic processes which can be efficiently modelled by an appropriate parametric model for subsequent statistical analyses. Unfortunately, the most common estimation and inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-12 Rohan Hore , Abhik Ghosh

In this paper, we study convergence properties of the gradient Expectation-Maximization algorithm \cite{lange1995gradient} for Gaussian Mixture Models for general number of clusters and mixing coefficients. We derive the convergence rate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Bowei Yan , Mingzhang Yin , Purnamrita Sarkar

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the behavior of minimum {\phi}-divergence estimators as an alternative to the maximum likelihood estimator in latent class models for binary items. As it will become clear below,…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-06-03 Ángel Felipe , Pedro Miranda , Leandro Pardo

Robust estimation under multivariate normal (MVN) mixture model is always a computational challenge. A recently proposed maximum pseudo \b{eta}-likelihood estimator aims to estimate the unknown parameters of a MVN mixture model in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Soumya Chakraborty , Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh

The expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative computational method to calculate the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) from the sample data. It converts a complicated one-time calculation for the MLE of the incomplete data…

Computation · Statistics 2016-08-08 Lingyao Meng

In this paper, we study a popular method for inference of the Bradley-Terry model parameters, namely the MM algorithm, for maximum likelihood estimation and maximum a posteriori probability estimation. This class of models includes the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-29 Milan Vojnovic , Seyoung Yun , Kaifang Zhou

Classical Mixtures of Experts (MoE) are Machine Learning models that involve partitioning the input space, with a separate "expert" model trained on each partition. Recently, MoE-based model architectures have become popular as a means to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Quentin Fruytier , Aryan Mokhtari , Sujay Sanghavi

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is routinely used for the maximum likelihood estimation in the latent class analysis. However, the EM algorithm comes with no guarantees of reaching the global optimum. We study the geometry of…

The Mixture Transition Distribution (MTD) model was introduced by Raftery to face the need for parsimony in the modeling of high-order Markov chains in discrete time. The particularity of this model comes from the fact that the effect of…

Computation · Statistics 2008-12-18 Sophie Lèbre , Pierre-Yves Bourguinon

Determinantal point processes (DPPs) have wide-ranging applications in machine learning, where they are used to enforce the notion of diversity in subset selection problems. Many estimators have been proposed, but surprisingly the basic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Victor-Emmanuel Brunel , Ankur Moitra , Philippe Rigollet , John Urschel

The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-15 Hideitsu Hino , Shotaro Akaho , Noboru Murata

Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is a widely used iterative algorithm for computing (local) maximum likelihood estimate (MLE). It can be used in an extensive range of problems, including the clustering of data based on the Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-28 Pierre Houdouin , Esa Ollila , Frederic Pascal