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Differentiable programming is a new programming paradigm which enables large scale optimization through automatic calculation of gradients also known as auto-differentiation. This concept emerges from deep learning, and has also been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Chenhua Geng , Hong-Ye Hu , Yijian Zou

When a number of similar tasks have to be learned simultaneously, multi-task learning (MTL) models can attain significantly higher accuracy than single-task learning (STL) models. However, the advantage of MTL depends on various factors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Afiya Ayman , Ayan Mukhopadhyay , Aron Laszka

Ensuring annotator quality in training and evaluation data is a key piece of machine learning in NLP. Tasks such as sentiment analysis and offensive speech detection are intrinsically subjective, creating a challenging scenario for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Sujan Dutta , Deepak Pandita , Tharindu Cyril Weerasooriya , Marcos Zampieri , Christopher M. Homan , Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh

The vision-language navigation (VLN) task requires an agent to reach a target with the guidance of natural language instruction. Previous works learn to navigate step-by-step following an instruction. However, these works may fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Xiwen Liang , Fengda Zhu , Yi Zhu , Bingqian Lin , Bing Wang , Xiaodan Liang

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have been shown to be remarkably effective in recovering model latent spaces for several computer vision tasks. However, currently trained VAEs, for a number of reasons, seem to fall short in learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Chandrajit Bajaj , Avik Roy , Haoran Zhang

Lifelong Language Learning (LLL) aims to train a neural network to learn a stream of NLP tasks while retaining knowledge from previous tasks. However, previous works which followed data-free constraint still suffer from catastrophic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Han Wang , Ruiliu Fu , Xuejun Zhang , Jun Zhou

We propose a novel unsupervised generative model that learns to disentangle object identity from other low-level aspects in class-imbalanced data. We first investigate the issues surrounding the assumptions about uniformity made by InfoGAN,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Utkarsh Ojha , Krishna Kumar Singh , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Yong Jae Lee

Traditional implicit generative models are capable of learning highly complex data distributions. However, their training involves distinguishing real data from synthetically generated data using adversarial discriminators, which can lead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 José Manuel de Frutos , Manuel A. Vázquez , Pablo Olmos , Joaquín Míguez

Multi-task learning (MTL) has become an essential machine learning tool for addressing multiple learning tasks simultaneously and has been effectively applied across fields such as healthcare, marketing, and biomedical research. However, to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Yang Sui , Qi Xu , Yang Bai , Annie Qu

Explicit engineering of reward functions for given environments has been a major hindrance to reinforcement learning methods. While Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is a solution to recover reward functions from demonstrations only,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 David Venuto , Jhelum Chakravorty , Leonard Boussioux , Junhao Wang , Gavin McCracken , Doina Precup

Adversarial vulnerability remains a major obstacle to constructing reliable NLP systems. When imperceptible perturbations are added to raw input text, the performance of a deep learning model may drop dramatically under attacks. Recent work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Jiahao Zhao , Wenji Mao

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are essential tools in end-to-end representation learning. However, the sequential text generation common pitfall with VAEs is that the model tends to ignore latent variables with a strong auto-regressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Yang Zhao , Ping Yu , Suchismit Mahapatra , Qinliang Su , Changyou Chen

Accurate uncertainty quantification is crucial for the safe deployment of machine learning models, and prior research has demonstrated improvements in the calibration of modern language models (LMs). We study in-context learning (ICL), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hanlin Zhang , Yi-Fan Zhang , Yaodong Yu , Dhruv Madeka , Dean Foster , Eric Xing , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Sham Kakade

Computing atomic-scale properties of chemically disordered materials requires an efficient exploration of their vast configuration space. Traditional approaches such as Monte Carlo or Special Quasirandom Structures either entail sampling an…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-17 Maciej J. Karcz , Luca Messina , Eiji Kawasaki , Emeric Bourasseau

Transformers have shown a remarkable ability for in-context learning (ICL), making predictions based on contextual examples. However, while theoretical analyses have explored this prediction capability, the nature of the inferred context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Fei Lu , Yue Yu

Lossy image compression networks aim to minimize the latent entropy of images while adhering to specific distortion constraints. However, optimizing the neural network can be challenging due to its nature of learning quantized latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Yingwen Zhang , Meng Wang , Xihua Sheng , Peilin Chen , Junru Li , Li Zhang , Shiqi Wang

Multi-task learning (MTL) is a powerful machine learning paradigm designed to leverage shared knowledge across tasks to improve generalization and performance. Previous works have proposed approaches to MTL that can be divided into feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Paolo Bonetti , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

The variational autoencoder (VAE) typically employs a standard normal prior as a regularizer for the probabilistic latent encoder. However, the Gaussian tail often decays too quickly to effectively accommodate the encoded points, failing to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Juno Kim , Jaehyuk Kwon , Mincheol Cho , Hyunjong Lee , Joong-Ho Won

We extend variational autoencoders (VAEs) to collaborative filtering for implicit feedback. This non-linear probabilistic model enables us to go beyond the limited modeling capacity of linear factor models which still largely dominate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-19 Dawen Liang , Rahul G. Krishnan , Matthew D. Hoffman , Tony Jebara

Imitation learning methods are used to infer a policy in a Markov decision process from a dataset of expert demonstrations by minimizing a divergence measure between the empirical state occupancy measures of the expert and the policy. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Ivan Ovinnikov , Joachim M. Buhmann