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We introduce primed-PCA (pPCA), a two-step algorithm for speeding up the approximation of principal components. This algorithm first runs any approximate-PCA method to get an initial estimate of the principal components (priming), and then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Bálint Máté , François Fleuret

Principal component analysis (PCA) is an indispensable tool in many learning tasks that finds the best linear representation for data. Classically, principal components of a dataset are interpreted as the directions that preserve most of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-03-13 Raphael A. Hauser , Armin Eftekhari , Heinrich F. Matzinger

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a ubiquitous tool with many applications in machine learning including feature construction, subspace embedding, and outlier detection. In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing the top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-10-25 Nikos Karampatziakis , Paul Mineiro

Due to the rapid growth of smart agents such as weakly connected computational nodes and sensors, developing decentralized algorithms that can perform computations on local agents becomes a major research direction. This paper considers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Haishan Ye , Tong Zhang

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely employed statistical tool used primarily for dimensionality reduction. However, it is known to be adversely affected by the presence of outlying observations in the sample, which is quite…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-26 Subhrajyoty Roy , Ayanendranath Basu , Abhik Ghosh

Streaming principal component analysis (PCA) is an integral tool in large-scale machine learning for rapidly estimating low-dimensional subspaces from very high-dimensional data arriving at a high rate. However, modern datasets increasingly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-09 Kyle Gilman , David Hong , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Laura Balzano

Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithms use neural networks to extract the eigenvectors of the correlation matrix from the data. However, if the process is non-Gaussian, PCA algorithms or their higher order generalisations provide…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Joaquim A. Dente , R. Vilela Mendes

Principal component analysis (PCA) is fundamental to statistical machine learning. It extracts latent principal factors that contribute to the most variation of the data. When data are stored across multiple machines, however, communication…

Computation · Statistics 2018-01-11 Jianqing Fan , Dong Wang , Kaizheng Wang , Ziwei Zhu

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular method for dimension reduction and has attracted an unfailing interest for decades. More recently, kernel PCA (KPCA) has emerged as an extension of PCA but, despite its use in practice, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , John Shawe-Taylor

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a dimension reduction technique. It produces inconsistent estimators when the dimensionality is moderate to high, which is often the problem in modern large-scale applications where algorithm…

Computation · Statistics 2016-01-29 Qiaoya Zhang , Yiyuan She

We present a framework for analyzing the exact dynamics of a class of online learning algorithms in the high-dimensional scaling limit. Our results are applied to two concrete examples: online regularized linear regression and principal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Chuang Wang , Jonathan Mattingly , Yue M. Lu

Sparse Principal Components Analysis aims to find principal components with few non-zero loadings. We derive such sparse solutions by adding a genuine sparsity requirement to the original Principal Components Analysis (PCA) objective…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-08-19 Giovanni Maria Merola

Sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) is widely used for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction in high-dimensional data analysis. Despite many methodological and theoretical developments in the past two decades, the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-01 Teng Zhang , Haoyi Yang , Lingzhou Xue

In this paper we develop a new approach to sparse principal component analysis (sparse PCA). We propose two single-unit and two block optimization formulations of the sparse PCA problem, aimed at extracting a single sparse dominant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2008-12-01 Michel Journée , Yurii Nesterov , Peter Richtárik , Rodolphe Sepulchre

A general framework for principal component analysis (PCA) in the presence of heteroskedastic noise is introduced. We propose an algorithm called HeteroPCA, which involves iteratively imputing the diagonal entries of the sample covariance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Anru R. Zhang , T. Tony Cai , Yihong Wu

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used method for data processing, such as for dimension reduction and visualization. Standard PCA is known to be sensitive to outliers, and thus, various robust PCA methods have been proposed.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-11 Keishi Sando , Hideitsu Hino

Since its inception in 1982, Oja's algorithm has become an established method for streaming principle component analysis (PCA). We study the problem of streaming PCA, where the data-points are sampled from an irreducible, aperiodic, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Syamantak Kumar , Purnamrita Sarkar

Principal components analysis (PCA) is a classical method for the reduction of dimensionality of data in the form of n observations (or cases) of a vector with p variables. For a simple model of factor analysis type, it is proved that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-01-29 Iain M Johnstone , Arthur Yu Lu

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction in data analysis. There is a probabilistic version of PCA, known as Probabilistic PCA (PPCA). However, standard PCA and PPCA are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Bowen Zhao , Xi Xiao , Wanpeng Zhang , Bin Zhang , Shutao Xia

We consider the problem of principal component analysis (PCA) in a streaming stochastic setting, where our goal is to find a direction of approximate maximal variance, based on a stream of i.i.d. data points in $\reals^d$. A simple and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Ohad Shamir