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Space charge is typically one of the performance limitations for the operation of high intensity and high brightness beams in circular accelerators. In the Proton Synchrotron (PS) at CERN, losses are observed for vertical tunes above…
The bubble structure generated by laser and plasma interactions changes in size depending on the local plasma density. The self injection electrons position with respect to wakefield can be controlled by tailoring the longitudinal plasma…
In the broad line region of AGN, acceleration occurs naturally when a cloud condenses out of the hot confining medium due to the increase in line opacity as the cloud cools. However, acceleration by radiation pressure is not very efficient…
We analyze different factors which influence the negative refraction in solids and multi-atom molecules. We find that this negative refraction is significantly influenced by simultaneous multi-electron transitions with the same transition…
The operation of high-energy and high-intensity particle accelerators inevitably leads to the loss of a fraction of beam particles, either through controlled processes or accidental events. This article builds on a first lecture on…
A state of an electron in a quantum wire or a thin film becomes metastable, when a static electric field is applied perpendicular to the wire direction or the film surface. The state decays via tunneling through the created potential…
The sensitivity of mechanical resonators to physical quantities such as acceleration, pressure, mass and temperature enables them to underpin sensing and metrology applications. Here, we observe that the resonance frequency of a…
We investigate the dynamics of a relativistic electron in a strongly nonlinear plasma wave in terms of classical mechanics by taking into account the action of the radiative reaction force. The two limiting cases are considered. In the…
Here it is shown that a radial magnetic field leads to rotation of a Bose condensed exciton cloud due to Aharonov-Bohm effect for an electron and a hole forming an exciton. As in the case of mechanical rotation of superfluids, rotation is…
A key challenge in particle accelerators is to achieve high peak intensity. Space charge is particularly strong at lower energy such as during injection and typically limits achievable peak intensity. The beam stacking technique can…
The micro-bunching instability is a longitudinal instability that leads to dynamical deformations of the charge distribution in the longitudinal phase space. It affects the longitudinal charge distribution, and thus the emitted coherent…
Using a periodic electron beam bunch train to resonantly excite plasma wakefields in the quasi-nonlinear (QNL) regime has distinct advantages over employing a single, higher charge bunch. Resonant excitation in the QNL regime can produce…
A critical component of particle acceleration in astrophysical shocks is the non-resonant (Bell) instability, where the streaming of cosmic rays (CRs) leads to the amplification of magnetic fields necessary to scatter particles. In this…
Plasma wakefield acceleration in the nonlinear blowout regime has been shown to provide high acceleration gradients and high energy transfer efficiency while maintaining great beam quality for electron acceleration. In contrast, research on…
The preservation of witness beam polarization in wakefield accelerators will be crucial for future collider applications. While extensive theoretical studies on the injection and initial acceleration of polarized electrons exist, a study…
We study collective processes for an electron beam propagating through a background plasma using simulations and analytical theory. A new regime where the instability of a Langmuir wave packet can grow locally much faster than ion frequency…
Adsorbates can drastically alter physical properties of graphene. Particularly important are adatoms and admolecules that induce resonances at the Dirac point. Such resonances limit electron mobilities and spin relaxation times. We present…
Direct laser acceleration of electrons is an important energy deposition mechanism for laser-irradiated plasmas that is particularly effective at relativistic laser intensities in the presence of quasi-static laser-driven plasma electric…
Charged particles are constantly accelerated to non-thermal energies by the reconnecting magnetic field in the solar atmosphere. Our understanding of the interactions between the particles and their environment can benefit from…
We theoretically predict instability of a zero-dc-current state of the two-dimensional electron system formed on the surface of liquid helium induced by the cyclotron resonance (CR). This conclusion follows from the theoretical analysis of…