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Anisotropy describes the directional dependence of a material's properties such as transport and optical response. In conventional bulk materials, anisotropy is intrinsically related to the crystal structure, and thus not tunable by the…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-02-10 Ting Cao , Zhenglu Li , Diana Y. Qiu , Steven G. Louie

Nanoelectronic devices emulating neuro-synaptic functionalities through their intrinsic physics at low operating energies is imperative toward the realization of brain-like neuromorphic computers. In this work, we leverage the non-linear…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Arnob Saha , A N M Nafiul Islam , Zijian Zhao , Shan Deng , Kai Ni , Abhronil Sengupta

Black phosphorus (BP) offers considerable promise for infrared and visible photonics. Efficient tuning of the bandgap and higher subbands in BP by modulation of the Fermi level or application of vertical electric fields has been previously…

Replicating the computational functionalities and performances of the brain remains one of the biggest challenges for the future of information and communication technologies. Such an ambitious goal requires research efforts from the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-20 Selina La Barbera , Dominique Vuillaume , Fabien Alibart

Black phosphorus has attracted great research interest due to its numerous applications in electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, energy storages and so on. Compared with the majority of two-dimensional materials, black phosphorus…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-02 Zhen Tian , Yu Gan , Taiming Zhang , Binbin Wang , Hengxing Ji , Yexin Feng , Jiamin Xue

Black phosphorene (BP) has emerged as a promising platform for tunable nonlinear photonics due to its layer-dependent bandgap, high carrier mobility, and remarkable in-plane anisotropy. This study investigates the second-harmonic generation…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Yan Meng , Kainan Chang , Yanyan Qian , Luxia Wang , Jin Luo Cheng

We report the quasiparticle band gap, excitons, and highly anisotropic optical responses of few-layer black phosphorous (phosphorene). It is shown that these new materials exhibit unique many-electron effects; the electronic structures are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-06-27 Vy Tran , Ryan Soklaski , Yufeng Liang , Li Yang

Traditional protection systems for microgrids, which rely on high fault currents and continuous communication, struggle to keep up with the changing dynamics and cybersecurity concerns of decentralized networks. In this study, we introduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Saurabh Prabhakar , Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi , Frede Blaabjerg , Subham Sahoo

Black phosphorus has recently emerged as a promising material for high performance electronic and optoelectronic device for its high mobility, tunable mid-infrared bandgap and anisotropic electronic properties. Dynamical evolution of photo…

Atomically-thin black phosphorus (BP) is an emerging two dimensional (2D) material exhibiting bright photoluminescence in the near infrared. Coupling its radiation to photonic nanostructures will be an important step toward the realization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-10-01 Yasutomo Ota , Rai Moriya , Naoto Yabuki , Miho Arai , Masahiro Kakuda , Satoshi Iwamoto , Tomoki Machida , Yasuhiko Arakawa

The possibility of hybridizing collective electronic motion with mid-infrared (mid-IR) light to form surface polaritons has made van der Waals layered materials a versatile platform for extreme light confinement and tailored nanophotonics.…

This paper presents verification and implementation methods that have been developed for the design of the BrainScaleS-2 65nm ASICs. The 2nd generation BrainScaleS chips are mixed-signal devices with tight coupling between full-custom…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Andreas Grübl , Sebastian Billaudelle , Benjamin Cramer , Vitali Karasenko , Johannes Schemmel

Phosphorene, an emerging elemental two-dimensional (2D) direct band gap semiconductor with fascinating structural and electronic properties distinctively different from other 2D materials such as graphene and MoS2, is promising for novel…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-04-21 Yongqing Cai , Qingqing Ke , Gang Zhang , Yuan Ping Feng , Vivek B Shenoy , Yong-Wei Zhang

Heterogeneity is a ubiquitous property of many biological systems and has profound implications for computation. While it is conceivable to optimize neuronal and synaptic heterogeneity for a specific task, such top-down optimization is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Arash Golmohammadi , Jannik Luboeinski , Christian Tetzlaff

Neuromorphic Computing (NC), which emulates neural activities of the human brain, is considered for low-power implementation of artificial intelligence. Towards realizing NC, fabrication, and investigations of hardware elements such as…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-09-21 P. Monalisha , P. S. Anil Kumar , X. Renshaw Wang , S. N. Piramanayagam

Black phosphorous (BP), a two-dimensional (2D) material, has a direct bandgap, which fills up the bandgap lacuna left by graphene topological insulators and transition-metal dichalcogenides because of its dependence on the layers and…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-25 Rui Zhang , Yuxia Zhang , Haohai Yu , Huaijin Zhang , Ruinong Yang , Bingchao Yang , Zhongyuan Liu , Jiyang Wang

The monolayer of black phosphorous, or phosphorene, has recently emerged as a new 2D semiconductor with intriguing highly anisotropic transport properties. Existing calculations of its intrinsic phonon-limited electronic transport…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-24 Bolin Liao , Jiawei Zhou , Bo Qiu , Mildred S. Dresselhaus , Gang Chen

Neural networks are composed of neurons and synapses, which are responsible for learning in a slow adaptive dynamical process. Here we experimentally show that neurons act like independent anisotropic multiplex hubs, which relay and mute…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-07-21 Roni Vardi , Amir Goldental , Anton Sheinin , Shira Sardi , Ido Kanter

Black phosphorous (BP) is is recently unveiled as a promising two-dimensional direct bandgap semiconducting material. Here, we report the ambipolar field effect transistor behavior of multilayers of BP with ferromagnetic tunnel contacts. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-07-07 M. Venkata Kamalakar , B. N Madhushankar , André Dankert , Saroj P. Dash

Superconducting optoelectronic hardware is being explored as a path towards artificial spiking neural networks with unprecedented scales of complexity and computational ability. Such hardware combines integrated-photonic components for…