English
Related papers

Related papers: Tangle Insertion Invariants for Pseudoknots, Singu…

200 papers

The motivation for this work is to construct a map from classical knots to virtual ones. What we get in the paper is a series of maps from knots in the full torus (thickened torus) to flat-virtual knots. We give definition of flat-virtual…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-06-21 V. O. Manturov , I. M. Nikonov

This paper, to be regularly updated, lists those prime knots with the fewest possible number of crossings for which values of basic knot invariants, such as the unknotting number or the smooth 4-genus, are unknown. This list is being…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Jae Choon Cha , Charles Livingston

The bridge index and superbridge index of a knot are important invariants in knot theory. We define the bridge map of a knot conformation, which is closely related to these two invariants, and interpret it in terms of the tangent indicatrix…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-05-24 Colin Adams , Dan Collins , Katherine Hawkins , Charmaine Sia , Robert Silversmith , Bena Tshishiku

Introduced recently, an n-crossing is a singular point in a projection of a link at which n strands cross such that each strand travels straight through the crossing. We introduce the notion of an \"ubercrossing projection, a knot…

A pseudoline arrangement graph is a planar graph induced by an embedding of a (simple) pseudoline arrangement. We study the corresponding graph realization problem and properties of pseudoline arrangement graphs. In the first part, we give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-04 Sandip Das , Siddani Bhaskara Rao , Uma kant Sahoo

We use planar 4-valent graphs and a graphical calculus involving such graphs to construct an invariant for balanced-oriented, knotted 4-valent graphs. Our invariant is an extension of the $sl(n)$ polynomial for classical knots and links. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Carmen Caprau , Victoria Wiest

We introduce an equivalence relation, called stable equivalence, on knot diagrams and closed curves on surfaces. We give bijections between the set of abstract knots, the set of virtual knots, and the set of the stable equivalence classes…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 J. Scott Carter , Seiichi Kamada , Masahico Saito

We provide a mathematically and conceptually robust notion of quantum superpositions of graphs. We argue that, crucially, quantum superpositions of graphs require node names for their correct alignment, which we demonstrate through a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-09 Pablo Arrighi , Marios Christodoulou , Amélia Durbec

RNA molecules are known to form complex secondary structures including pseudoknots. A systematic framework for the enumeration, classification and prediction of secondary structures is critical to determine the biological significance of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-24 Rayan Ibrahim , Allison H. Moore

A pseudoline is a homeomorphic image of the real line in the plane so that its complement is disconnected. An arrangement of pseudolines is a set of pseudolines in which every two cross exactly once. A drawing of a graph is pseudolinear if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-26 Alan Arroyo , Julien Bensmail , R. Bruce Richter

Holonomy invariants in strict higher gauge theory have been studied in depth, aiming to applications to higher Chern-Simons theory. For a flat 2-connection, the holonomy of surface knots of arbitrary genus has been defined and its…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-03-11 Roberto Zucchini

We consider knot theories possessing a {\em parity}: each crossing is decreed {\em odd} or {\em even} according to some universal rule. If this rule satisfies some simple axioms concerning the behaviour under Reidemeister moves, this leads…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-12-31 Vassily Olegovich Manturov

We study inequalities between integer-valued knot invariants arising from classical knot theory, four-dimensional topology, knot homologies, and knot polynomials. We present a directed graph consisting of 48 inequalities between 33 knot…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Michal Jablonowski

Non-classical virtual knots may have non-isomorphic upper and lower quandles. We exploit this property to define the quandle difference invariant, which can detect non-classicality by comparing the numbers of homomorphisms into a finite…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Natasha Harrell , Sam Nelson

Classical knot theory deals with {\em diagrams} and {\em invariants}. By means of horizontal {\em trisecants}, we construct a new theory of classical braids with invariants valued in {\em pictures}. These pictures are closely related to…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-01-22 Vassily Olegovich Manturov

We initiate the study of classical knots through the homotopy class of the n-th evaluation map of the knot, which is the induced map on the compactified n-point configuration space. Sending a knot to its n-th evaluation map realizes the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ryan Budney , James Conant , Kevin P. Scannell , Dev Sinha

The homology and cohomology of quandles and racks are used in knot theory: given a finite quandle and a cocycle, we can construct a knot invariant. This is a quick introductory survey to the invariants of knots derived from quandles and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Seiichi Kamada

Knots are intricate structures that cannot be unambiguously distinguished with any single topological invariant. Momentum space knots, in particular, have been elusive due to their requisite finely tuned long-ranged hoppings. Even if…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-12-04 Ching Hua Lee , Amanda Sutrisno , Tobias Hofmann , Tobias Helbig , Yuhan Liu , Yee Sin Ang , Lay Kee Ang , Xiao Zhang , Martin Greiter , Ronny Thomale

We extend the notion of biquandle brackets to the case of psyquandles, defining quantum enhancements of the psyquandle counting invariant for singular knots and pseudoknots. We provide examples to illustrate the computation of these…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Sam Nelson , Natsumi Oyamaguchi

We describe some regular techniques of calculating finite degree invariants of triple points free smooth plane curves $S^1 \to R^2$. They are a direct analog of similar techniques for knot invariants and are based on the calculus of {\em…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-07-29 Victor A. Vassiliev