Related papers: Quantifying the global atmospheric power budget
Given the evolution of an arbitrary open quantum system, we formulate a general and unambiguous method to separate the internal energy change of the system into an entropy-related contribution and a part causing no entropy change,…
Quantitative estimates of the contributions of the anthropogenic forcing, characterized by changes in the radiative forcing of atmospheric greenhouse gases (CO2, in particular), and solar activity variations to the trends of the global…
Wind power forecasting is essential to power system operation and electricity markets. As abundant data became available thanks to the deployment of measurement infrastructures and the democratization of meteorological modelling, extensive…
The process of creating goods and services, measured by their value, is considered a process of creating complexity. This allows us to consider the production system as an open thermodynamic system, and to develop a simple heuristic model…
While a theoretical limit has long been established for the performance of a single turbine, no corresponding upper bound exists for the power output from a large wind farm, making it difficult to evaluate the available potential for…
The Lorenz system was derived on the basis of a model of convective atmospheric motions and may serve as a paradigmatic model for considering a complex climate system. In this study, we formulated the thermodynamic efficiency of convective…
The influence of human activity own the earth's atmospheric composition has never been more pronounced. Anthropogenic pollution is in fact the largest effector of the observed evolving atmospheric composition (Wallace, 2006). PM2.5 is a…
Galactic winds shape the stellar, gas, and metal content of galaxies. To quantify their impact, we must understand their physics. We review potential wind-driving mechanisms and observed wind properties, with a focus on the warm ionized and…
Observations of time-resolved thermal emission from tidally locked exoplanets can tell us about their atmospheric temperature structure. Telescopes such as JWST and ARIEL will improve the quality and availability of these measurements. This…
The apparantly irregular (unpredictable) space-time fluctuations in atmospheric flows ranging from climate (thousands of kilometers - years) to turbulence (millimeters - seconds) exhibit the universal symmetry of self-similarity.…
We explore the temporal evolution of the energy radiated by CO2 and NO from the Earth's thermosphere on a global scale. This investigation is based on both observational and empirically derived data. Firstly, we analyze the daily power…
In the energy-momentum density expressions for a relativistic perfect fluid with a bulk motion, one comes across a couple of pressure-dependent terms, which though well known, are to an extent, lacking in their conceptual basis and the…
Atmospheric convection is an essential aspect of atmospheric movement, and it is a source of errors in Climate Models. Being able to generate approximate limit formulas and compare the estimations they produce, could give a way to reduce…
The chemical composition of the earths atmosphere far from equilibrium is unique in the solar system and has been attributed to the presence of widespread life. Here I show that this perspective can be quantified using non-equilibrium…
The state of earth's climate is constrained by well-known physical principles such as energy balance and the conservation of energy. Increased greenhouse gas concentrations affect the atmospheric optical depth, and physical consistency…
Wind turbines operate in the atmospheric boundary layer, where they are exposed to the turbulent atmospheric flows. As the response time of wind turbine is typically in the range of seconds, they are affected by the small scale intermittent…
A quasi-geostrophic intermediate complexity model is considered, providing a schematic representation of the baroclinic conversion processes which characterize the physics of the mid-latitudes atmospheric circulation. The model is relaxed…
In this letter, we report the outcome of a spatial energy budget performed for the linear convective instability of the plane incompressible mixing layer within the inviscid framework. We find that, as the critical condition for the onset…
Extensive aircraft cloud physical observations made in more than 2000 tropical cumulus clouds indicated new observational evidence viz., (1) horizontal structure of the air flow inside the cloud has consistent variations with successive…
Context: The thermal and chemical structures of the upper atmospheres of planets crucially influence losses to space and must be understood to constrain the effects of losses on atmospheric evolution. Aims: We develop a 1D first-principles…