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We present a new method for automatically providing feedback for introductory programming problems. In order to use this method, we need a reference implementation of the assignment, and an error model consisting of potential corrections to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2012-11-19 Rishabh Singh , Sumit Gulwani , Armando Solar-Lezama

Automated feedback generation for introductory programming assignments is useful for programming education. Most works try to generate feedback to correct a student program by comparing its behavior with an instructor's reference program on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Umair Z. Ahmed , Zhiyu Fan , Jooyong Yi , Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Abhik Roychoudhury

Immediate feedback has been shown to improve student learning. In programming courses, immediate, automated feedback is typically provided in the form of pre-defined test cases run by a submission platform. While these are excellent for…

Providing feedback on programming assignments manually is a tedious, error prone, and time-consuming task. In this paper, we motivate and address the problem of generating feedback on performance aspects in introductory programming…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-09-18 Sumit Gulwani , Ivan Radiček , Florian Zuleger

A significant portion of student programming submissions in CS1 learning environments are uncompilable, limiting their use in student modeling and downstream knowledge tracing. Traditional modeling pipelines often exclude these cases,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Griffin Pitts , Aum Pandya , Darsh Rank , Tirth Bhatt , Muntasir Hoq , Bita Akram

This paper introduces the "Search, Align, and Repair" data-driven program repair framework to automate feedback generation for introductory programming exercises. Distinct from existing techniques, our goal is to develop an efficient, fully…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Ke Wang , RIshabh Singh , Zhendong Su

Automated generation of feedback on programming assignments holds significant benefits for programming education, especially when it comes to advanced assignments. Automated Program Repair techniques, especially Large Language Model based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Qianhui Zhao , Fang Liu , Li Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhen Yan , Zhenghao Chen , Yufei Zhou , Jing Jiang , Ge Li

Due to the vast number of students enrolled in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), there has been an increasing number of automated program repair techniques focused on introductory programming assignments (IPAs). Such techniques take…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Pedro Orvalho , Mikoláš Janota , Vasco Manquinho

Online programming courses are becoming more and more popular, but they still have significant drawbacks when compared to the traditional education system, e.g., the lack of feedback. In this study, we apply machine learning methods to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Artyom Lobanov , Timofey Bryksin , Alexey Shpilman

Students often make mistakes on their introductory programming assignments as part of their learning process. Unfortunately, providing custom repairs for these mistakes can require a substantial amount of time and effort from class…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Jialu Zhang , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Vu Le , Ruzica Piskac , Gustavo Soares , Gust Verbruggen

We present a method for automatically generating repair feedback for syntax errors for introductory programming problems. Syntax errors constitute one of the largest classes of errors (34%) in our dataset of student submissions obtained…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-03-22 Sahil Bhatia , Rishabh Singh

Automated program repair is a problem of finding a transformation (called a patch) of a given incorrect program that eliminates the observable failures. It has important applications such as providing debugging aids, automatically grading…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Sergey Mechtaev , Xiang Gao , Shin Hwei Tan , Abhik Roychoudhury

Software bugs significantly contribute to software cost and increase the risk of system malfunctioning. In recent years, many automated program-repair approaches have been proposed to automatically fix undesired program behavior. Despite of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Dirk Beyer , Lars Grunske , Thomas Lemberger , Minxing Tang

Automated program repair is an emerging technology which consists of a suite of techniques to automatically fix bugs or vulnerabilities in programs. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the state of the art in program repair.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Xiang Gao , Yannic Noller , Abhik Roychoudhury

In introductory programming courses, it is challenging for instructors to provide debugging feedback on students' incorrect programs. Some recent tools automatically offer program repair feedback by identifying any differences between…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Yunlong Lu , Na Meng , Wenxin Li

A typical problem in MOOCs is the missing opportunity for course conductors to individually support students in overcoming their problems and misconceptions. This paper presents the results of automatically intervening on struggling…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Ralf Teusner , Thomas Hille , Thomas Staubitz

Automated program repair is an emerging technology that seeks to automatically rectify bugs and vulnerabilities using learning, search, and semantic analysis. Trust in automatically generated patches is necessary for achieving greater…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Yannic Noller , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Xiang Gao , Abhik Roychoudhury

Supporting learners in introductory programming assignments at scale is a necessity. This support includes automated feedback on what learners did incorrectly. Existing approaches cast the problem as automatically repairing learners'…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Md Towhidul Absar Chowdhury , Maheen Riaz Contractor , Carlos R. Rivero

Automatically fixing compilation errors can greatly raise the productivity of software development, by guiding the novice or AI programmers to write and debug code. Recently, learning-based program repair has gained extensive attention and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Xueyang Li , Shangqing Liu , Ruitao Feng , Guozhu Meng , Xiaofei Xie , Kai Chen , Yang Liu

Timely and high-quality feedback is essential for effective learning in programming courses; yet, providing such support at scale remains a challenge. While AI-based systems offer scalable and immediate help, their responses can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Tung Phung , Heeryung Choi , Mengyan Wu , Christopher Brooks , Sumit Gulwani , Adish Singla
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