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The halo of the Milky Way provides a laboratory to study the properties of the shocked hot gas that is predicted by models of galaxy formation. There is observational evidence of energy injection into the halo from past activity in the…

The origin of irradiation and fluorescence of the 6.4 keV bright giant molecular clouds surrounding Sgr A*, the central supermassive black hole of our Galaxy, remains enigmatic. Testing the theory of a past active period of Sgr A* requires…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-03-18 F. Marin , F. Muleri , P. Soffitta , V. Karas , D. Kunneriath

Loop I is a nearby giant radio loop spanning over 100 degrees and centered on the Sco-Cen OB association. It may correspond to a superbubble formed by the joint action of stellar winds and supernova remnants. ROSAT observations revealed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 Jean-Marc Casandjian , Isabelle Grenier

The most characteristic high-energy phenomena in the Galactic center (GC) region is the presence of strong K-shell emission lines from highly ionized Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe and Ni, which form the Galactic Center X-ray Emission (GCXE). These…

We performed a spectro-morphological analysis of the diffuse emission in the Galactic center region with H.E.S.S. gamma-ray data. We relied on templates to model the diffuse emissions (the Galactic center ridge and the foreground component)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-02 J. Devin , A. Lemière , K. Streil , R. Terrier , C. van Eldik

We present Suzaku X-ray observations along two edge regions of the Fermi Bubbles, with eight ~20 ksec pointings across the northern part of the North Polar Spur (NPS) surrounding the north bubble and six across the southernmost edge of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 J. Kataoka , M. Tahara , T. Totani , Y. Sofue , L. Stawarz , Y. Takahashi , Y. Takeuchi , H. Tsunemi , M. Kimura , Y. Takei , C. C. Cheung , Y. Inoue , T. Nakamori

We present observations of the North Polar Spur (NPS) using the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) aboard the Suzaku X-ray satellite. The NPS is a large region of enhanced soft X-ray and radio emission projected above the plane of the Galaxy,…

Infrared observations of the Galactic center (GC) provide a unique opportunity to study stellar and bow-shock polarization effects in a dusty environment. The goals of this work are to present new Ks- and Lp-band polarimetry on an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 Rainer M. Buchholz , Gunther Witzel , Rainer Schoedel , Andreas Eckart

The BATSE experiment has now observed more than 1100 gamma-ray bursts. The observed angular distribution is isotropic, while the brightness distribution of bursts shows a reduced number of faint events. These observations favor a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Dieter Hartmann , Ramesh Narayan

We provide an up-to-date summary of the current observational and theoretical studies of stellar bow-shock sources close to the Galactic centre. The symmetry axis of a bow shock provides the information on the relative motion of the star…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-04 Michal Zajacek , Andreas Eckart , Seyedeh Elaheh Hosseini

SPEC_PULS describes a suite of computer programs to simulate the emergent spectrum from a radially-pulsating star. It combines a Christy-type non-linear pulsation code with classical stellar atmosphere codes. The principal aim is to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-29 C. Simon Jeffery

We present models of Galactic Center emission in the vicinity of Sagittarius A* that use parametrizations of the electron temperature or energy density. These models include those inspired by two-temperature general relativistic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-12 Richard Anantua , Sean Ressler , Eliot Quataert

The central parsec of the Galaxy contains dozens of massive stars with a cumulative mass loss rate of ~ 10^{-3} solar masses per year. Shocks among these stellar winds produce the hot plasma that pervades the central part of the galaxy. We…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Eliot Quataert , Abraham Loeb

The Galactic Center's giant outflows are manifest in three different, non-thermal phenomena: i) the hard-spectrum, \gamma-ray `Fermi Bubbles' emanating from the nucleus and extending to |b| ~ 50 degrees; ii) the hard-spectrum,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-07-30 Roland M. Crocker , Geoffrey V. Bicknell , Andrew M. Taylor , Ettore Carretti

The center of the Galaxy is a prominent source in X-rays and gamma-rays. The study of its high-energy (HE) emission is crucial in understanding the physical phenomena taking place in this dense and extreme environment, where the closest…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-17 Andrea Goldwurm , Maïca Clavel , Stefano Gabici , Régis Terrier

Recent observations of the Galactic center in high-energy gamma-rays (above 0.1TeV) have opened up new ways to study this region, from understanding the emission source of these high-energy photons to constraining the environment in which…

The Galactic Centre is a hotbed of astrophysical activity, with the injection of wind material from $\sim$30 massive Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars orbiting within 12 arcsec of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) playing an important role.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 Christopher M. P. Russell , Q. Daniel Wang , Jorge Cuadra

The origin of North Polar Spur (NPS) and Loop-I has been debated over almost half a century and is still unresolved. Most of the confusion is caused by the absence of any prominent counterparts of these structures in the southern Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-12-05 Kartick Chandra Sarkar

The scattering diameters of Sgr A* and several nearby OH masers (~ 1" at 1 GHz) indicate that a region of enhanced scattering is along the line of sight to the Galactic center. We combine radio-wave scattering data and free-free emission…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 T. Joseph W. Lazio , James M. Cordes

The Hydra I galaxy cluster (Abell 1060) is a nearby example of a low-temperature cluster that exhibits intermediate cool core and non-cool core properties. We aim to extend the characterization of the intracluster medium (ICM) properties at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Alpish Srivastava , Thomas H. Reiprich , Angie Veronica , Florian Pacaud , Jakob Dietl , Fiona Knies , Manami Sasaki