Related papers: A systematic study of the initial state in heavy i…
In the framework of the Glauber approach we analyze the shape parameters of the early-formed system and their event-by-event fluctuations. We test a variety of models: the conventional wounded nucleon model, a model admixing binary…
We briefly review advances in understanding the initial stages of a heavy ion collision. In particular the focus is on moving from parametrizing the initial state to calculating its properties from QCD, consistently with the description of…
We discuss limiting fragmentation within a few currently popular phenomenological models. We show that popular Glauber-inspired models of particle production in heavy ion collisions, such as the two-component model, generally fail to…
The initial conditions in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are determined by the small momentum fraction part of the nuclear wavefunction. This is the regime of gluon saturation and the most direct way to experimentally study it would…
The process of formation of the participant system in heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the framework of a simplified analytic Glauber-like model, which is based on the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation. The key point lies in…
We develop a general decomposition of an ensemble of initial density profiles in terms of an average state and a basis of modes that represent the event-by-event fluctuations of the initial state. The basis is determined such that the…
We present a method for parameterizing the charged particle multiplicity and charged hadron spectra from heavy ion data with a simple, Glauber-inspired, model. The basis of this model is derived from the observation of leading hadrons in…
Collective spin phenomena in the final states of heavy-ion collisions are typically understood to originate from vorticity and shear in the quark-gluon plasma. Here, we ask whether spin could already be present in the initial condition of…
In hydrodynamical modeling of heavy-ion collisions, the initial-state spatial anisotropies are translated into momentum anisotropies of the final-state particle distributions. Thus, understanding the origin of the initial-state anisotropies…
In hydrodynamicalmodeling of heavy-ion collisions the initial state spatial anisotropies translate into momentum anisotropies of the final state particle distributions. Thus, understanding the origin of the initial anisotropies and…
The nucleus-nucleus impact parameter and collision geometry of a heavy ion collision are typically characterized by assigning a collision "centrality". In all present heavy ion experiments centrality is measured indirectly, by detecting the…
We review recent developments in the ab-initio theoretical description of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions. We emphasize the importance of fluctuations, both for the phenomenological description of experimental data from the…
In high energy collisions involving small nuclei (p+p or x+Au collisions where x=p, d, or $^3$He) the fluctuating size, shape and internal gluonic structure of the nucleon is shown to have a strong effect on the initial size and shape of…
We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…
We discuss recent progress towards developing accurate initial state descriptions for heavy ion collisions focusing on weak coupling based approaches, that enable one to constrain the high-energy structure of nuclei from deep inelastic…
In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the initial condition of the produced quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and its evolution are sensitive to collective nuclear structure parameters describing the shape and radial profiles of the nuclei. We find a…
We review the theoretical and experimental progress in the Glauber model of multiple nucleon and/or parton scatterings, after the last 10--15 years of operation with proton and nuclear beams at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and with…
A class of simple superposition models based on the Glauber picture of multiple collisions is compared with the data on the centrality dependence of the multiplicity distributions in a central rapidity bin. We show how the results depend on…
Glauber models based on nucleon--nucleon interactions are commonly used to characterize the initial state in high-energy nuclear collisions, and the dependence of its properties on impact parameter or number of participating nucleons. In…
The study of heavy-ion collisions presents a challenge to both theoretical and experimental nuclear physics. Due to the extremely short lifetime and small size of the collision system, disentangling information provided by experimental…