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Transformer neural networks (TNN) excel in natural language processing (NLP), machine translation, and computer vision (CV) without relying on recurrent or convolutional layers. However, they have high computational and memory demands,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ehsan Kabir , Jason D. Bakos , David Andrews , Miaoqing Huang

Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) is a crucial design stage within the heavy vehicle manufacturing process that involves optimising the order and feasibility of the parts assembly process to reduce manufacturing complexity and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Emran Poh , Kyrin Liong , Jeannie Lee

This paper argues for an accelerator development toolchain that takes into account the whole system containing the accelerator. With whole-system visibility, the toolchain can better assist accelerator scoping and composition in the context…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-06 André DeHon , Hans Giesen , Nik Sultana , Yuanlong Xiao

Region proposal is critical for object detection while it usually poses a bottleneck in improving the computation efficiency on traditional control-flow architectures. We have observed region proposal tasks are potentially suitable for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Wenzhi Fu , Jianlei Yang , Pengcheng Dai , Yiran Chen , Weisheng Zhao

Training of convolutional neural networks (CNNs)on embedded platforms to support on-device learning is earning vital importance in recent days. Designing flexible training hard-ware is much more challenging than inference hardware, due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Shreyas Kolala Venkataramanaiah , Yufei Ma , Shihui Yin , Eriko Nurvithadhi , Aravind Dasu , Yu Cao , Jae-sun Seo

Compiler backends should be automatically generated from hardware design language (HDL) models of the hardware they target. Generating compiler components directly from HDL can provide stronger correctness guarantees, ease development…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Gus Henry Smith , Ben Kushigian , Vishal Canumalla , Andrew Cheung , René Just , Zachary Tatlock

Numerical simulations can help solve complex problems. Most of these algorithms are massively parallel and thus good candidates for FPGA acceleration thanks to spatial parallelism. Modern FPGA devices can leverage high-bandwidth memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Stephanie Soldavini , Karl F. A. Friebel , Mattia Tibaldi , Gerald Hempel , Jeronimo Castrillon , Christian Pilato

Path planning is critical for autonomous driving, generating smooth, collision-free, feasible paths based on perception and localization inputs. However, its computationally intensive nature poses significant challenges for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yifan Zhang , Xiaoyu Niu , Hongzheng Tian , Yanjun Zhang , Bo Yu , Shaoshan Liu , Sitao Huang

Reconfigurable computing refers to the use of processors, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), that can be modified at the hardware level to take on different processing tasks. A reconfigurable computing platform describes the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Darran Nathan , Kelvin Lim Mun Kit , Kelly Choo Hon Min , Philip Wong Jit Chin , Andreas Weisensee

The configurable building blocks of current FPGAs -- Logic blocks (LBs), Digital Signal Processing (DSP) slices, and Block RAMs (BRAMs) -- make them efficient hardware accelerators for the rapid-changing world of Deep Learning (DL).…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Aman Arora , Bagus Hanindhito , Lizy K. John

As the need for more computing power grows, traditional methods are hitting limits. To boost performance, we're expanding Central Processing Unit (CPU) capabilities and using specialized hardware accelerators. For example, mobile devices…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Hassan Nassar , Rafik Youssef , Lars Bauer , Jörg Henkel

The increasing complexity and diversity of hardware accelerators in modern computing systems demand flexible, low-overhead program analysis tools. We present PASTA, a low-overhead and modular Program AnalysiS Tool Framework for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Mao Lin , Hyeran Jeon , Keren Zhou

3D field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) promise higher performance through vertical integration. However, existing placement tools, largely inherited from 2D frameworks, fail to capture the unique delay characteristics and optimization…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Cong Hao , Andrew B. Kahng , Bodhisatta Pramanik , Ismael Youssef

Hardware acceleration has emerged as a key research topic for supporting computationally intensive signal processing and artificial intelligence applications in 6G research and development studies. This paper presents an RF Network on Chip…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 A. Oguz Kislal , Osman Mert Yilmaz , Bengu Bilgic Keskin , Ibrahim Hokelek , Ali Gorcin

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are used to solve search and optimization problems in which an optimal solution can be found using an iterative process with probabilistic and non-deterministic transitions. However, depending on the problem's…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Matheus F. Torquato , Marcelo A. C. Fernandes

Domain-specific accelerators deliver exceptional performance on their target workloads through fabrication-time orchestrated datapaths. However, such specialized architectures often exhibit performance fragility when exposed to new kernels…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zhenyu Bai , Pranav Dangi , Rohan Juneja , Zhaoying Li , Zhanglu Yan , Huiying Lan , Tulika Mitra

In this chapter, we aim to explore an in-depth exploration of the specialized hardware accelerators designed to enhance Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, focusing on their necessity, development, and impact on the field of AI. It…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-19 S M Mojahidul Ahsan , Anurag Dhungel , Mrittika Chowdhury , Md Sakib Hasan , Tamzidul Hoque

To speedup Deep Neural Networks (DNN) accelerator design and enable effective implementation, we propose HybridDNN, a framework for building high-performance hybrid DNN accelerators and delivering FPGA-based hardware implementations. Novel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Hanchen Ye , Xiaofan Zhang , Zhize Huang , Gengsheng Chen , Deming Chen

Custom hardware accelerators for Deep Neural Networks are increasingly popular: in fact, the flexibility and performance offered by FPGAs are well-suited to the computational effort and low latency constraints required by many image…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Serena Curzel , Nicolò Ghielmetti , Michele Fiorito , Fabrizio Ferrandi

Sampling is an important process in many GNN structures in order to train larger datasets with a smaller computational complexity. However, compared to other processes in GNN (such as aggregate, backward propagation), the sampling process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Yuchen Gui , Boyi Wei , Wei Yuan , Xi Jin