Related papers: A note on distinct distances

Every closed hyperbolic geodesic $\gamma$ on the triply--punctured sphere $M =\widehat{{\mathbb C}} - \{0,1,\infty\}$ has a self--intersection number $I(\gamma) \ge 1$ and a combinatorial length $L(\gamma) \ge 2$, the latter defined by the…

Consider an operator that takes the Fourier transform of a discrete measure supported in $\mathcal{X}\subset[-\frac 12,\frac 12)^d$ and restricts it to a compact $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^d$. We provide lower bounds for its smallest singular…

A spanner is a sparse subgraph that approximately preserves the pairwise distances of the original graph. It is well known that there is a smooth tradeoff between the sparsity of a spanner and the quality of its approximation, so long as…

In this paper we investigate the Erd\"os/Falconer distance conjecture for a natural class of sets statistically, though not necessarily arithmetically, similar to a lattice. We prove a good upper bound for spherical means that have been…

We find a natural $L_{\omega_1,\omega}$-axiomatisation $\Sigma$ of a structure on the upper half-plane $\mathbb{H}$ as the covering space of modular curves. The main theorem states that $\Sigma$ has a unique model in every uncountable…

A sequence is difference algebraic (or D-algebraic) if finitely many shifts of its general term satisfy a polynomial relationship; that is, they are the coordinates of a generic point on an affine hypersurface. The corresponding equations…

Let $\Gamma$ be a rectifiable Jordan curve in the complex plane, $\Omega_i$ and $\Omega_e$ respectively the interior and exterior domains of $\Gamma$, and $p\geq 2$. Let $E$ be the vector space of functions defined on $\Gamma$ consisting of…

Let $\mathcal{S}$ be a set of $n$ points in real four-dimensional space, no four coplanar and spanning the whole space. We prove that if the number of solids incident with exactly four points of $\mathcal{S}$ is less than $Kn^3$ for some…

This paper is devoted to understanding curves $X$ over a number field $k$ that possess infinitely many solutions in extensions of $k$ of degree at most $d$; such solutions are the titular low degree points. For $d=2,3$ it is known (by the…

An explicit Dirichlet series is obtained, which represents an analytic function of $s$ in the half-plane $\Re s>1/2$ except for having simple poles at points $s_j$ that correspond to exceptional eigenvalues $\lambda_j$ of the non-Euclidean…

A discrete d-manifold is a finite simple graph G=(V,E) where all unit spheres are (d-1)-spheres. A d-sphere is a d-manifold for which one can remove a vertex to make it contractible. A graph is contractible if one can remove a vertex with…

Determining the number of (complex) realisations of a rigid graph for a specific choice of edge lengths is a fundamental problem in discrete geometry. In this article we provide two new tools for determining realisation numbers in arbitrary…

We study identities of finite dimensional algebras over a field of characteristic zero, graded by an arbitrary groupoid $\Gamma$. First we prove that its graded colength has a polynomially bounded growth. For any graded simple algebra $A$…

We revisit the classical Unit Distance Problem posed by Erd\H{o}s in 1946. While the upper bound of $O(n^{4/3})$ established by Spencer, Szemer'edi, and Trotter (1984) is tight for systems of pseudo-circles, it fails to account for the…

It is a generally shared opinion that significant information about the topology of a bounded domain $\Omega $ of a riemannian manifold $M$ is encoded into the properties of the distance, $d_{\partial\Omega}$, %, $d:\Omega\rightarrow…

We describe an extremal property of the hexagonal lattice $\Lambda \subset \mathbb{R}^2$. Let $p$ denote the circumcenter of its fundamental triangle (a so-called deep hole) and let $A_r$ denote the set of lattice points that are at…

We show that there are sets of $n$ points in the plane with $n$ arbitrarily large that contain more than $n^{1.014}$ pairs of points separated by a distance exactly $1$. This improves on very recent work of a team at OpenAI, who proved the…

In this note, we extend the notion of minimal gaps to the higher dimensional sequences. We bound the minimal gap for $(\{\boldsymbol{a}_n\boldsymbol{\alpha}\}),$ $(\{a_n\boldsymbol{\alpha}\})$ and…

The distance matrix of a graph $G$ is the matrix containing the pairwise distances between vertices. The distance eigenvalues of $G$ are the eigenvalues of its distance matrix and they form the distance spectrum of $G$. We determine the…

We investigate the manifold $\cal{M}$ of (real) quadratic forms in n > 1 variables having a multiple eigenvalue. In addition to known facts, we prove that 1) $\cal{M}$ is irreducible, 2) in the case of n = 3, scalar matrices and only them…