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In this paper, we propose a coordinated pilot design method to minimize the channel estimation mean squared error (MSE) in 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). Under the assumption that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Hyeongtak Yun , Juntaek Han , Kaiming Shen , Jeonghun Park

In time division duplexing (TDD) millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, downlink channel state information (CSI) can be obtained from uplink channel estimation thanks to channel reciprocity. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-13 Binggui Zhou , Xi Yang , Shaodan Ma , Feifei Gao , Guanghua Yang

This work provides a comprehensive scaling law based performance analysis for multi-cell multi-user massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) downlink systems. Imperfect channel state information (CSI), pilot contamination, and channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Cheng Zhang , Yindi Jing , Yongming Huang , Luxi Yang

This paper derives approximate outage probability (OP) expressions for uplink cell-free massive multiple-input-multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) systems with and without pilot contamination. The system's access points (APs) are considered to have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Shashank Shekhar , Muralikrishnan Srinivasan , Sheetal Kalyani , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

In this letter, we introduce a novel pilot design approach that minimizes the total mean square errors of the minimum mean square error estimators of all base stations (BSs) subject to the transmit power constraints of individual users in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Hayder Al-Salihi , Trinh Van Chien , Tuan Anh Le , Mohammad Reza Nakhai

Accurate channel state information (CSI) is vital for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. However, superimposed pilots (SIP), which reduce overhead, introduce severe pilot contamination and data interference, complicating joint…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Ruhao Zhang , Yupeng Li , Yitong Liu , Shijian Gao , Jing Jin , Hongwen Yang , Jiangzhou Wang

Massive multi-input multi-output (Massive MIMO) has been recognized as a key technology to meet the demand for higher data capacity and massive connectivity. Nevertheless, the number of active users is restricted due to training overhead…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Salah Eddine Hajri , Maialen Larrañaga , Mohamad Assaad

Thanks to its capability to provide a uniform service rate for the User Equipments (UEs), Cell-free (CF) massive Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output (mMIMO), has recently attracted considerable attention, both in academia and in industry, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Salman Mohebi , Andrea Zanella , Michele Zorzi

In this paper, the downlink of a multi-cell massive MIMO system is considered where the channel state information (CSI) is estimated via pilot symbols that are orthogonal in a cell but re-used in other cells. Re-using the pilots, however,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Meysam Shahrbaf Motlagh , Subhajit Majhi , Patrick Mitran , Hideki Ochiai

To meet the goal of ten-fold increase in spectral efficiency, multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) techniques capable of achieving high spatial multiplexing gains are expected to be an essential component of fifth-generation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Nassar Ksairi , Beatrice Tomasi , Stefano Tomasin

Accurate wireless channel estimation is critical for next-generation wireless systems, enabling precise precoding for effective user separation, reduced interference across cells, and high-resolution sensing, among other benefits.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Alireza Javid , Nuria González-Prelcic

Conventional channel estimation (CE) for Internet of Things (IoT) systems encounters challenges such as low spectral efficiency, high energy consumption, and blocked propagation paths. Although superimposed pilot-based CE schemes and the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-08 Chaojin Qing , Li Wang , Lei Dong , Guowei Ling , Jiafan Wang

In this paper, we study the design of secure communication for time division duplex multi-cell multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with active eavesdropping. We assume that the eavesdropper actively attacks the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Yongpeng Wu , Chao-Kai Wen , Wen Chen , Shi Jin , Robert Schober , Giuseppe Caire

Random access is necessary in crowded scenarios due to the limitation of pilot sequences and the intermittent pattern of device activity. Nowadays, most of the related works are based on independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-19 Junyuan Gao , Yongpeng Wu , Fan Wei

Joint-channel carrier-phase estimation can improve the performance of multichannel optical communication systems. In the case of pilot-aided estimation, the pilots are distributed over a two-dimensional channel--time symbol block that is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-25 Arni F. Alfredsson , Erik Agrell , Magnus Karlsson , Henk Wymeersch

Sharing global channel information at base stations (BSs) is commonly assumed for downlink multi-cell precoding. In the context of massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems where each BS is equipped with a large number of antennas,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Liangbin Li , Alexei Ashikhmin , Thomas Marzetta

We consider a scalable user-centric cell-free massive MIMO network with distributed remote radio units (RUs), enabling macrodiversity and joint processing. Due to the limited uplink (UL) pilot dimension, multiuser interference in the UL…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Fabian Göttsch , Noboru Osawa , Takeo Ohseki , Kosuke Yamazaki , Giuseppe Caire

This paper considers the jointly optimal pilot and data power allocation in single cell uplink massive MIMO systems. A closed form solution for the optimal length of the training interval is derived. Using the spectral efficiency (SE) as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hei Victor Cheng , Emil Björnson , Erik G. Larsson

This letter proposes a deep learning based pilot design scheme to minimize the sum mean square error (MSE) of channel estimation for multi-user distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The pilot signal of each user…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Jun Xu , Pengcheng Zhu , Jiamin Li , Xiaohu You

This paper addresses the intricate task of hybrid-field channel estimation in extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) systems, critical for the progression of 6G communications. Within these systems, comprising a line-of-sight (LoS) channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yoonseong Kang , Hyowoon Seo , Wan Choi