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A tropical curve \Gamma is a metric graph with possibly unbounded edges, and tropical rational functions are continuous piecewise linear functions with integer slopes. We define the complete linear system |D| of a divisor D on a tropical…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Christian Haase , Gregg Musiker , Josephine Yu

A degeneration of a smooth projective curve to a strongly stable curve gives rise to a specialization map from divisors on curves to divisors on graphs. In this paper we show that this specialization behaves well under the presence of real…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-05-20 Marc Coppens

The divisor theory of graphs views a finite connected graph $G$ as a discrete version of a Riemann surface. Divisors on $G$ are formal integral combinations of the vertices of $G$, and linear equivalence of divisors is determined by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-22 Sarah Brauner , Forrest Glebe , David Perkinson

We investigate the interplay between linear systems on curves and graphs in the context of specialization of divisors on an arithmetic surface. We also provide some applications of our results to graph theory, arithmetic geometry, and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-05 Matthew Baker

An arithmetical structure on a graph is given by a labeling of the vertices which satisfies certain divisibility properties. In this note, we look at several families of graphs and attempt to give counts on the number of arithmetical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Darren Glass , Joshua Wagner

Mathematical modelling is a cornerstone of computational biology. While mechanistic models might describe the interactions of interest of a system, they are often difficult to study. On the other hand, abstract models might capture key…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Lucas Jesus Morales-Moya

The divisor theory for graphs is compared to the theory of linear series on curves through the correspondence associating a curve to its dual graph. An algebro-geometric interpretation of the combinatorial rank is proposed, and proved in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-09-25 Lucia Caporaso

In this paper, we develop a representation-theoretic formulation of discrete-time linear systems. We show that such systems are naturally viewed as representations of time groups acting on vector spaces, thereby endowing the state space…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Subhrajit Sinha

We introduce tropical complexes, as an enrichment of the dual complex of a degeneration with additional data from non-transverse intersection numbers. We define cycles, divisors, and linear equivalence on tropical complexes, analogous both…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-13 Dustin Cartwright

Let R be any subring of the reals. We present a generalization of linear systems on graphs where divisors are R-valued functions on the set of vertices and graph edges are permitted to have nonegative weights in R. Using this…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-11-13 Rodney James , Rick Miranda

We present a linear time algorithm for computing a cycle separator in a planar graph that is (arguably) simpler than previously known algorithms. Our algorithm builds on, and is somewhat similar to, previous algorithms for computing…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-01-19 Sariel Har-Peled , Amir Nayyeri

We consider linear systems on toric varieties of any dimension, with invariant base points, giving a characterization of special linear systems. We then make a new conjecture for linear systems on rational surfaces.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Antonio Laface , Luca Ugaglia

This thesis delves into the geometry of abstract tropical curves, exploring their complete linear system and associated tropical submodules. We establish a lower bound on the dimension of tropical submodules in terms of the Baker-Norine…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Matthew Dupraz

The dynamics of a linear dynamical system over a finite field can be described by using the elementary divisors of the corresponding matrix. It is natural to extend the investigation to a general finite commutative ring. In a previous…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Yangjiang Wei , Guangwu Xu , Yi Ming Zou

A metric graph is a geometric realization of a finite graph by identifying each edge with a real interval. A divisor on a metric graph $\Gamma$ is an element of the free abelian group on $\Gamma$. The rank of a divisor on a metric graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-01 Ye Luo

We investigate, using purely combinatorial methods, structural and algorithmic properties of linear equivalence classes of divisors on tropical curves. In particular, an elementary proof of the Riemann-Roch theorem for tropical curves,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-31 Jan Hladký , Daniel Král' , Serguei Norine

In this paper, we study the arithmetical structures on Fan Graphs Fn. Let G be a finite and connected graph. An arithmetical structure on G is a pair (d, r) of positive integer vectors such that r is primitive (the greatest common divisor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-05 Dilli Ram Chhetri , Namita Behera , Raj Bhawan Yadav

We describe a family $\textrm{Cyc}_p(\mathcal{F})$ of marked cycle curves that parameterize the cycles of period $p$ of a given family $\mathcal{F}$ of dynamical systems. We produce algorithms to compute a canonical cell decomposition for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-29 Caroline Davis , Malavika Mukundan , Danny Stoll , Giulio Tiozzo

The problem of linking the structure of a finite linear dynamical system with its dynamics is well understood when the phase space is a vector space over a finite field. The cycle structure of such a system can be described by the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2008-10-20 Guangwu Xu , Yi Ming Zou

We introduce the first graph kernels for metric graphs via tropical algebraic geometry. In contrast to conventional graph kernels based on graph combinatorics such as nodes, edges, and subgraphs, our metric graph kernels are purely based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yueqi Cao , Anthea Monod
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