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The extremal characteristics of random structures, including trees, graphs, and networks, are discussed. A statistical physics approach is employed in which extremal properties are obtained through suitably defined rate equations. A variety…
This paper estimates local tornado risk from records of past events using statistical models. First, a spatial model is fit to the tornado counts aggregated in counties with terms that control for changes in observational practices over…
Recent years have seen a surge of interest in the community studying the effect of ultraviolet radiation environment, predominantly set by OB stars, on protoplanetary disc evolution and planet formation. This is important because a…
Because the propagation of neutrinos is affected by the presence of Earth matter, it opens new possibilities to probe the Earth's interior. Different approaches range from techniques based upon the interaction of high energy (above TeV)…
Magnetospheric substorms are preceded by a slow growth phase of magnetic flux loading and current sheet thinning in the tail. Extensive datasets have provided evidence of the triggering of instabilities at substorm onset, including magnetic…
Recent developments in theory and phenomenology relevant to deep inelastic lepton scattering are reviewed, concentrating on the following topics: Predicted behaviour of non-singlet and polarized structure functions at small $x$; Theoretical…
Lagrangian acceleration has been investigated both experimentally and numerically in the past, and it has been shown to exhibit extreme fluctuations, which have been rationalized as events in which tracer particles get trapped into vortical…
After introduction we focus on: the transport of charged particles, the acceleration of ions at shocks, and the acceleration of electrons at shocks. Chapter 2 studies the propagation of solar energetic particles(SEPs) in turbulent magnetic…
We present 2D and 3D hydrodynamical simulations of the colliding wind interaction zone in WR+O binaries. It is shown that 3D effects can basically explain certain observed, orbit dependent flux variations. Possible connections between the…
In this talk I discuss the non-linear development of magnetic fields in the early universe. I very briefly mention a number of particle physics mechanisms for generating magnetic fields in the early universe, but the emphasis is on a review…
Various particle accelerators operate in the space plasmas, filling the Galaxy with high energy particles, primary cosmic rays. Reaching the atmosphere of the earth, these particles originate extensive air showers consisting of millions of…
This two-part review summarizes interstellar turbulence and its implications. The first part begins with diagnostics and energy sources. Turbulence theory is considered in detail, including the basic fluid equations, solenoidal and…
We report structure formation in submonolayers of magnetic microparticles subjected to periodic electrostatic and magnetic excitations. Depending on the excitation parameters, we observe the formation of a rich variety of structures:…
We consider main ingredients which determine neutrino transformations in media. Strong transformations relevant for the astrophysics can be due to large depth oscillations, resonance conversion, parametric resonance effect, interplay of…
A complete theory for the complex interaction between solar energetic particles and the turbulent interplanetary magnetic field remains elusive. In this work we aim to contribute towards such a theory by modelling the propagation of solar…
A strong consequence of quadratic forms becoming hyperbolic over the function field of a form is established. This result is invoked to obtain a new characterisation of hyperbolicity over function fields, and to recover a number of…
Off-diagonal (transverse) effects in micro-patterned geometries are predicted and analyzed within the general frame of linear response theory, relating applied presure gradient and electric field to flow and electric current. These effects…
Direct URCA processes in a collapsing star envelope with a strong magnetic field are investigated. It is shown that in the toroidal magnetic field these processes can develope a torque which quickly unwinds an envelope. A general expression…
The issue of predicting solar flares is one of the most fundamental in physics, addressing issues of plasma physics, high-energy physics, and modelling of complex systems. It also poses societal consequences, with our ever-increasing need…
Under some conditions, light boson fields grow exponentially around a rotating black hole, called the superradiance instability. We discuss effects of nonlinear interactions of the boson on the instability. In particular, we focus on the…